महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-108, verse-15

नामधेयानुपूर्व्येण विद्धि जन्मक्रमं नृप ।
सर्वे त्वतिरथाः शूराः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥१५॥

15. nāmadheyānupūrvyeṇa viddhi janmakramaṁ nṛpa ,
sarve tvatirathāḥ śūrāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ.

15. nāmadheyānupūrvyeṇa viddhi janmakramam nṛpa
sarve tu atirathāḥ śūrāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ

15. O king, understand their birth order by the sequence of their names. Indeed, all of them are great charioteers and heroes, all are highly skilled in warfare.

15. הו מלך, דע את סדר לידתם לפי סדר שמותיהם. כולם היו לוחמי מרכבה דגולים וגיבורים, וכולם בקיאים בלחימה.

Words meanings summery:

• नामधेयानुपूर्व्येण (nāmadheyānupūrvyeṇa) - by the order of names, in sequence of names

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• जन्मक्रमम् (janmakramam) - the order of birth, the sequence of births

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand

• अतिरथाः (atirathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroes, valiant ones

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• युद्धविशारदाः (yuddhaviśāradāḥ) - skilled in warfare, expert in battle

Words meanings and morphology

नामधेयानुपूर्व्येण (nāmadheyānupūrvyeṇa) - by the order of names, in sequence of names

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāmadheyānupūrvya

nāmadheyānupūrvya - the sequence of names, the order of names

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāmadheya+anupūrvya)

• nāmadheya – name, designation
  noun (neuter)
  From nāman (name) + dheya (to be held, designation)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• anupūrvya – order, sequence, succession
  noun (neuter)
  From anu (after) + pūrva (before)
  Prefix: anu

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √vid

imperative, 2nd singular, parasmaipada

From root √vid, 2nd conjugation.

Root: vid (class 2)

जन्मक्रमम् (janmakramam) - the order of birth, the sequence of births

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of janmakrama

janmakrama - order of birth, sequence of births

Compound type : tatpurusha (janman+krama)

• janman – birth, origin, life
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• krama – order, sequence, step
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kram (to step, to go)
  Root: kram (class 1)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अतिरथाः (atirathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atiratha

atiratha - a great charioteer, a mighty warrior (one who can fight a thousand charioteers)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+ratha)

• ati – beyond, exceedingly, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroes, valiant ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero, warrior

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

युद्धविशारदाः (yuddhaviśāradāḥ) - skilled in warfare, expert in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuddhaviśārada

yuddhaviśārada - skilled in battle, expert in war

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuddha+viśārada)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √yudh (to fight), participle used as a noun.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, proficient
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi (intensifier) + śārada (wise, intelligent)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śradh

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