महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-104, verse-21

पुरा नाम तु तस्यासीद्वसुषेण इति श्रुतम् ।
ततो वैकर्तनः कर्णः कर्मणा तेन सोऽभवत् ॥२१॥

21. purā nāma tu tasyāsīdvasuṣeṇa iti śrutam ,
tato vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ karmaṇā tena so'bhavat.

21. purā nāma tu tasya āsīt vasuṣeṇa iti śrutam
tataḥ vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ karmaṇā tena saḥ abhavat

21. Previously, his well-known name was Vasuṣeṇa. Subsequently, through that action (karma), he became Karṇa, the son of the Sun god (Vaikartana).

21. בעבר היה שמו וַסוּשֵׁנַה, כך שמענו. אחר כך, בשל אותו מעשה, נעשה קַרְנַה הנקרא וַיקַרְטַנַה.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• वसुषेण (vasuṣeṇa) - Vasuṣeṇa (proper name)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, famous, renowned

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter, subsequently

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - son of Vikaṛtana (the Sun god), an epithet of Karṇa

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by ritual

• तेन (tena) - by that, by him

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, existed

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active

Root: as (class 2)

वसुषेण (vasuṣeṇa) - Vasuṣeṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasuṣeṇa

vasuṣeṇa - Vasuṣeṇa (proper name, an earlier name of Karṇa)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, famous, renowned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter, subsequently

(indeclinable)

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - son of Vikaṛtana (the Sun god), an epithet of Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikaṛtana (the Sun god), Karṇa

Derived from Vikaṛtana (Sun god) with a patronymic suffix.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual, consequence of action

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - by that, by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active

Root: bhū (class 1)

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