महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-104, verse-2

पैतृष्वसेयाय स तामनपत्याय वीर्यवान् ।
अग्र्यमग्रे प्रतिज्ञाय स्वस्यापत्यस्य वीर्यवान् ॥२॥

2. paitṛṣvaseyāya sa tāmanapatyāya vīryavān ,
agryamagre pratijñāya svasyāpatyasya vīryavān.

2. paitṛṣvaseyāya saḥ tām anapatyāya vīryavān
agryam agre pratijñāya svasya apatyasya vīryavān

2. That powerful one (Śūra), having initially promised the foremost of his own offspring to his childless paternal aunt's son (Kuntibhoja)...

Words meanings summery:

• पैतृष्वसेयाय (paitṛṣvaseyāya) - to his paternal aunt's son (Kuntibhoja) (to the son of paternal aunt, to the paternal cousin)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Śūra) (he, that)

• ताम् (tām) - her (Pṛthā) (her, that (feminine))

• अनपत्याय (anapatyāya) - to the childless (cousin) (to the childless one, to one without offspring)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant (Śūra) (powerful, valiant, heroic, energetic)

• अग्र्यम् (agryam) - the best (child) (the foremost, the best, chief, excellent)

• अग्रे (agre) - previously, initially (previously, in front, at first, in the beginning)

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having pledged, having promised (having promised, having undertaken, having acknowledged)

• स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own (offspring) (of his own, of oneself)

• अपत्यस्य (apatyasya) - of his offspring (of the offspring, of the child)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant (Śūra) (powerful, valiant, heroic, energetic)

Words meanings and morphology

पैतृष्वसेयाय (paitṛṣvaseyāya) - to his paternal aunt's son (Kuntibhoja) (to the son of paternal aunt, to the paternal cousin)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of paitṛṣvaseya

paitṛṣvaseya - son of a paternal aunt

Derived from 'pituḥ svasṛ' (father's sister).

सः (saḥ) - he (Śūra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Śūra.

ताम् (tām) - her (Pṛthā) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of the implied verb of giving/promising.

अनपत्याय (anapatyāya) - to the childless (cousin) (to the childless one, to one without offspring)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of anapatya

anapatya - childless, without offspring

Nañ-tatpurusha compound of 'a' (not) and 'apatya' (offspring).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+apatya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• apatya – offspring, child
  noun (neuter)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant (Śūra) (powerful, valiant, heroic, energetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, energetic

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'vīrya' (valor).

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ' (Śūra).

अग्र्यम् (agryam) - the best (child) (the foremost, the best, chief, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agrya

agrya - first, foremost, chief, best, excellent

From 'agra' (front, top) + '-ya' suffix.

Note: Refers to the "foremost offspring," which is Pṛthā.

अग्रे (agre) - previously, initially (previously, in front, at first, in the beginning)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of 'agra' used adverbially.

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having pledged, having promised (having promised, having undertaken, having acknowledged)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Formed with prefix 'prati-' and root 'jñā', suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Gerund (absolutive) form.

स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own (offspring) (of his own, of oneself)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self, property

Note: Refers to Śūra.

अपत्यस्य (apatyasya) - of his offspring (of the offspring, of the child)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, progeny

Note: Governed by 'agryam'.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant (Śūra) (powerful, valiant, heroic, energetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, energetic

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'vīrya' (valor).

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ' (Śūra), reinforcing the quality.