योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-72, verse-19

शून्यमेव यथाकारि संकल्पनगरं भवान् ।
पश्यत्येवमजो देहं खे खमेवानुभूतवान् ॥ १९ ॥

śūnyameva yathākāri saṃkalpanagaraṃ bhavān ,
paśyatyevamajo dehaṃ khe khamevānubhūtavān 19

19. śūnyam eva yathā akāri saṅkalpanagaram bhavān
paśyati evam ajaḥ deham khe kham eva anubhūtavān

19. yathā bhavān saṅkalpanagaram śūnyam eva akāri
paśyati evam ajaḥ deham kham eva khe anubhūtavān

19. Just as an imagined city (saṅkalpa-nagara) is brought into being for you as mere emptiness (śūnya), so too the unborn (aja) has experienced the body (deha) as nothing but space (ākāśa) within space.

Words meanings summery:

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - emptiness (śūnya) (empty, void, nothingness, space)

• एव (eva) - mere (only, indeed, just)

• यथा (yathā) - Just as (just as, as, like)

• अकारि (akāri) - is brought into being (was made, was done, came into being)

• सङ्कल्पनगरम् (saṅkalpanagaram) - imagined city (saṅkalpa-nagara) (imagined city, city of intention)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (you (honorific), Sir)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - perceive (sees, perceives, observes)

• एवम् (evam) - so too, similarly (thus, in this way, similarly)

• अजः (ajaḥ) - unborn (aja) (unborn, non-born, eternal)

• देहम् (deham) - body (deha) (body, form)

• खे (khe) - within space (in space, in the sky)

• खम् (kham) - space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

• एव (eva) - nothing but (only, indeed, just)

• अनुभूतवान् (anubhūtavān) - has experienced (has experienced, has perceived)

Words meanings and morphology

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - emptiness (śūnya) (empty, void, nothingness, space)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, desolate, nothingness, zero

Note: Predicate for saṅkalpanagaram in the simile.

एव (eva) - mere (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - Just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

अकारि (akāri) - is brought into being (was made, was done, came into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist passive 3rd person singular, root kṛ (8th class).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Passive verb, subject is saṅkalpanagaram.

सङ्कल्पनगरम् (saṅkalpanagaram) - imagined city (saṅkalpa-nagara) (imagined city, city of intention)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅkalpanagara

saṅkalpanagara - city of imagination, imagined city, city formed by will

Tatpuruṣa compound: saṅkalpa (intention, will) + nagara (city).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṅkalpa+nagara)

• saṅkalpa – intention, will, resolve
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kḷp with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of akāri.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (you (honorific), Sir)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, Sir (honorific second person)

Nominative singular masculine of bhavat (respectful address).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of paśyati.

पश्यति (paśyati) - perceive (sees, perceives, observes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Verb for bhavān, though grammatically 3rd person, it implies 2nd person (you perceive) due to 'bhavān'.

एवम् (evam) - so too, similarly (thus, in this way, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the simile to the main statement.

अजः (ajaḥ) - unborn (aja) (unborn, non-born, eternal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aja

aja - unborn, eternal, not born; also goat, name of Brahma/Vishnu/Shiva/Kāma

From a (not) + root jan (to be born). Often refers to the ultimate reality or individual consciousness.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ja)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of anubhūtavān.

देहम् (deham) - body (deha) (body, form)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, mass

Note: Direct object of anubhūtavān.

खे (khe) - within space (in space, in the sky)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - space, ether, sky

Note: Used in a simile.

खम् (kham) - space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - space, ether, sky, empty space

Note: Used as a predicate in the inner clause 'kham eva'.

एव (eva) - nothing but (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

अनुभूतवान् (anubhūtavān) - has experienced (has experienced, has perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anubhūtavat

anubhūtavat - having experienced, one who has experienced

Past Active Participle (Perfect Participle)

Past active participle from root bhū with prefix anu and suffix ktavatup.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the second clause, agreeing with ajaḥ.

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