योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-66, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
एवमेकं परं वस्तु राम नानात्वमेत्यलम् ।
नानात्वमिव संजातं दीपाद्दीपशतं यथा ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
evamekaṃ paraṃ vastu rāma nānātvametyalam ,
nānātvamiva saṃjātaṃ dīpāddīpaśataṃ yathā 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca evam ekam param vastu rāma nānātvam
etya alam nānātvam iva saṃjātam dīpāt dīpaśatam yathā

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca rāma yathā
dīpāt dīpaśatam saṃjātam iva
evam ekam param vastu alam nānātvam
etya nānātvam iva saṃjātam

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: O Rāma, just as a hundred lamps arise from a single lamp, in the same way, the one supreme reality (vastu), having fully attained manifoldness, appears as if born into diverse forms.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha, the speaker of the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (Śrī Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - The sage Vasiṣṭha said. (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - In this manner, referring to the subsequent explanation. (thus, in this manner, so)

• एकम् (ekam) - The singular, undifferentiated reality. (one, single, unique)

• परम् (param) - The ultimate, transcendent reality. (supreme, highest, ultimate, principal)

• वस्तु (vastu) - The supreme reality (vastu) or principle. (reality, substance, thing, object)

• राम (rāma) - The addressed disciple of Vasiṣṭha. (O Rāma)

• नानात्वम् (nānātvam) - The appearance of many forms from the one reality. (manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity)

• एत्य (etya) - The supreme reality having reached the state of diversity. (having gone, having attained, having reached)

• अलम् (alam) - Emphasizes the extent to which diversity is attained or manifests. (sufficiently, abundantly, indeed, quite)

• नानात्वम् (nānātvam) - The apparent manifestation of diverse forms. (manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity)

• इव (iva) - Indicates similarity or appearance, emphasizing that the diversity is not ultimately real but apparent. (as if, like, just as)

• संजातम् (saṁjātam) - Appears to have arisen or been created. (arisen, produced, become, born)

• दीपात् (dīpāt) - As the source for new lamps in the analogy. (from a lamp)

• दीपशतम् (dīpaśatam) - The multitude of manifestations in the analogy. (a hundred lamps)

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces the simile. (just as, as)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha, the speaker of the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (Śrī Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - The venerable Vasiṣṭha. Vasiṣṭha is one of the Saptarishis (seven great sages) and a prominent figure in Hindu mythology, particularly as a guru of Rāma. The prefix 'śrī' is an honorific.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – luster, beauty, wealth, prosperity, auspiciousness; an honorific prefix
  noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Most excellent, best, wealthy; name of a celebrated Vedic sage
  proper noun (masculine)
  superlative
  Superlative of 'vasu' or related to root 'vas' (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - The sage Vasiṣṭha said. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form from root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - In this manner, referring to the subsequent explanation. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एकम् (ekam) - The singular, undifferentiated reality. (one, single, unique)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with `vastu`.

परम् (param) - The ultimate, transcendent reality. (supreme, highest, ultimate, principal)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, principal, other, subsequent

Note: Agrees with `vastu`.

वस्तु (vastu) - The supreme reality (vastu) or principle. (reality, substance, thing, object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - reality, substance, thing, object, wealth

Note: Object of the action of 'attaining diversity'.

राम (rāma) - The addressed disciple of Vasiṣṭha. (O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - pleasing, charming, delightful; name of the seventh avatāra of Viṣṇu, son of Daśaratha

Root: ram (class 1)

नानात्वम् (nānātvam) - The appearance of many forms from the one reality. (manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nānātva

nānātva - manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity

Derived from `nānā` (various, diverse) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Object of the gerund `etya`.

एत्य (etya) - The supreme reality having reached the state of diversity. (having gone, having attained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root `i` with the suffix `-ya` (used after a verbal prefix, here implied `ā` which combines with `i` to form `e` in sandhi).

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Acts as an adverbial participle.

अलम् (alam) - Emphasizes the extent to which diversity is attained or manifests. (sufficiently, abundantly, indeed, quite)

(indeclinable)

नानात्वम् (nānātvam) - The apparent manifestation of diverse forms. (manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nānātva

nānātva - manifoldness, diversity, multiplicity

Derived from `nānā` (various, diverse) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Subject of `saṃjātam`.

इव (iva) - Indicates similarity or appearance, emphasizing that the diversity is not ultimately real but apparent. (as if, like, just as)

(indeclinable)

संजातम् (saṁjātam) - Appears to have arisen or been created. (arisen, produced, become, born)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃjāta

saṁjāta - arisen, produced, born, become, happened

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `sam` (with) + root `jan` (to be born, produce).

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Often implies 'has become' or 'is'.

दीपात् (dīpāt) - As the source for new lamps in the analogy. (from a lamp)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dīpa

dīpa - lamp, light

From root `dīp` (to shine).

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Indicates origin.

दीपशतम् (dīpaśatam) - The multitude of manifestations in the analogy. (a hundred lamps)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dīpaśata

dīpaśata - a hundred lamps

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dīpa+śata)

• dīpa – lamp, light
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dīp` (to shine).
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• śata – a hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Subject in the simile clause.

यथा (yathā) - Introduces the simile. (just as, as)

(indeclinable)