योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-14

क्वासंभवद्भूतजाड्यं पृथ्व्यादेर्जडवस्तुनः ।
कार्यकारणं भवितुं शक्तं छायायाश्चातपो यथा ॥ १४ ॥

kvāsaṃbhavadbhūtajāḍyaṃ pṛthvyāderjaḍavastunaḥ ,
kāryakāraṇaṃ bhavituṃ śaktaṃ chāyāyāścātapo yathā 14

14. kva asaṃbhavat-bhūta-jāḍyam pṛthvyādeḥ jaḍa-vastunaḥ
kārya-kāraṇam bhavitum śaktam chāyāyāḥ ca ātapaḥ yathā

14. yathā chāyāyāḥ ca ātapaḥ pṛthvyādeḥ jaḍa-vastunaḥ
asaṃbhavat-bhūta-jāḍyam kārya-kāraṇam bhavitum śaktam kva

14. How can the inherent inertness of non-existent elements like earth and other insentient objects be capable of being both cause and effect? It is as impossible as a shadow being the cause or effect of sunlight (ātapa).

14. כיצד יכולה חומריות דוממת כמו אדמה, שאינה קיימת בפני עצמה, לשמש כסיבה וכתוצאה עבור התודעה, בדיוק כמו שצל אינו יכול ליצור אור שמש?

Words meanings summery:

• क्व (kva) - where?, how?

• असंभवत्-भूत-जाड्यम् (asaṁbhavat-bhūta-jāḍyam) - the inertness of non-existent elements/beings

• पृथ्व्यादेः (pṛthvyādeḥ) - of earth and so on, of objects like earth

• जड-वस्तुनः (jaḍa-vastunaḥ) - of an inert object

• कार्य-कारणम् (kārya-kāraṇam) - cause and effect, effect and cause

• भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

• शक्तम् (śaktam) - capable, able

• छायायाः (chāyāyāḥ) - of a shadow

• च (ca) - and

• आतपः (ātapaḥ) - sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

क्व (kva) - where?, how?

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to express impossibility.

असंभवत्-भूत-जाड्यम् (asaṁbhavat-bhūta-jāḍyam) - the inertness of non-existent elements/beings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asaṃbhavat-bhūta-jāḍya

asaṁbhavat-bhūta-jāḍya - inertness of non-existent elements

Compound: asaṃbhavat (non-existent, unreal) + bhūta (element, being) + jāḍya (inertness, stupidity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (asaṃbhavat+bhūta+jāḍya)

• asaṃbhavat – non-existent, impossible, unreal
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From a-saṃ-bhū (not possible to be)
  Prefixes: a+sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• bhūta – element, being, creature, what has been
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• jāḍya – inertness, insensibility, coldness, stupidity
  noun (neuter)
  From jaḍa (inert, dull) + -ya suffix

Note: The subject of the sentence.

पृथ्व्यादेः (pṛthvyādeḥ) - of earth and so on, of objects like earth

(noun)

masculine, singular of pṛthvyādi

pṛthvyādi - earth and so on, beginning with earth

Compound of pṛthvī (earth) and ādi (beginning)

Compound type : tatpurusha/dvandva (pṛthvī+ādi)

• pṛthvī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'jaḍa-vastunaḥ'.

जड-वस्तुनः (jaḍa-vastunaḥ) - of an inert object

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jaḍa-vastu

jaḍa-vastu - inert object, inanimate object

Compound of jaḍa (inert) and vastu (object)

Compound type : karmadharaya (jaḍa+vastu)

• jaḍa – inert, inanimate, dull
  adjective (neuter)
• vastu – object, thing, reality, substance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jāḍyam'.

कार्य-कारणम् (kārya-kāraṇam) - cause and effect, effect and cause

(noun)

neuter, singular of kārya-kāraṇa

kārya-kāraṇa - effect and cause

Dvandva compound of kārya (effect) and kāraṇa (cause)

Compound type : dvandva (kārya+kāraṇa)

• kārya – effect, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as predicative nominative with 'bhavitum'.

भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of bhū

Infinitive

Root: bhū (class 1)

शक्तम् (śaktam) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakta

śakta - capable, able, powerful

Past Passive Participle

From root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'jāḍyam'.

छायायाः (chāyāyāḥ) - of a shadow

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection

Note: Used in a comparison.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आतपः (ātapaḥ) - sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātapa

ātapa - sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun

From ā-tap (to heat up)

Prefix: ā

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used in a comparison.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

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