योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-18

अन्यस्य रघुकुलेन्दो यदि चैते महामुनयो महर्षयश्च
विप्राश्च राजानश्च ज्ञानकवचेनावगुण्ठितशरीरास्ते
कथमदुःखक्षमा अपि दुःखकरीं तां तां वृत्तिपूर्विकां
संसारकदर्थनामनुभवन्तः सततमेव मुदितमनसस्तिष्ठन्ति ॥ १८ ॥

anyasya raghukulendo yadi caite mahāmunayo maharṣayaśca
viprāśca rājānaśca jñānakavacenāvaguṇṭhitaśarīrāste
kathamaduḥkhakṣamā api duḥkhakarīṃ tāṃ tāṃ vṛttipūrvikāṃ
saṃsārakadarthanāmanubhavantaḥ satatameva muditamanasastiṣṭhanti 18

18. anyasya raghukulendo yadi ca ete mahāmunayaḥ maharṣayaḥ ca
viprāḥ ca rājānaḥ ca jñānakavacena avaguṇṭhitaśarīrāḥ te katham
aduḥkhakṣamāḥ api duḥkhakarīm tām tām vṛttipūrvikām
saṃsārakadarthanām anubhavantaḥ satatam eva muditamanasaḥ tiṣṭhanti

18. raghukulendo anyasya yadi jñānakavacena avaguṇṭhitaśarīrāḥ
ete mahāmunayaḥ ca maharṣayaḥ ca viprāḥ ca rājānaḥ ca te
aduḥkhakṣamāḥ api katham duḥkhakarīm tām tām vṛttipūrvikām
saṃsārakadarthanām anubhavantaḥ satatam eva muditamanasaḥ tiṣṭhanti

18. Furthermore, O Moon of Raghu's family (Rāghava), if these great sages, great seers, Brahmins, and kings, whose bodies are shielded by the armor of knowledge, how is it that they, even though they are not susceptible to suffering, constantly remain joyful-minded while experiencing the various degradations of the cycle of existence (saṃsāra) that arise from their actions (karma)?

Words meanings summery:

• अन्यस्य (anyasya) - furthermore (of another, furthermore, otherwise)

• रघुकुलेन्दो (raghukulendo) - O Moon of Raghu's family (Rāghava) (O moon of Raghu's family, O Rāma)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एते (ete) - these

• महामुनयः (mahāmunayaḥ) - great sages

• महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great seers, great rishis

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - brahmins, inspired ones

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• ज्ञानकवचेन (jñānakavacena) - by the armor of knowledge

• अवगुण्ठितशरीराः (avaguṇṭhitaśarīrāḥ) - having bodies covered or shielded

• ते (te) - they

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• अदुःखक्षमाः (aduḥkhakṣamāḥ) - not susceptible to suffering (not susceptible to suffering, unable to endure pain)

• अपि (api) - even, also, although, too

• दुःखकरीम् (duḥkhakarīm) - causing pain, painful

• ताम् (tām) - that, her

• ताम् (tām) - various (that, her)

• वृत्तिपूर्विकाम् (vṛttipūrvikām) - arising from their actions (karma) (preceded by action, arising from livelihood or activity)

• संसारकदर्थनाम् (saṁsārakadarthanām) - degradations of the cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (the degradation or humiliation of the cycle of existence (saṃsāra))

• अनुभवन्तः (anubhavantaḥ) - experiencing, feeling, perceiving

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• मुदितमनसः (muditamanasaḥ) - joyful-minded, cheerful

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they remain, they stand, they exist

Words meanings and morphology

अन्यस्य (anyasya) - furthermore (of another, furthermore, otherwise)

(pronominal adjective)

रघुकुलेन्दो (raghukulendo) - O Moon of Raghu's family (Rāghava) (O moon of Raghu's family, O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of raghukulendu

raghukulendu - moon of Raghu's race

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raghukula+indu)

• raghukula – Raghu's family/dynasty
  noun (neuter)
• indu – moon
  noun (masculine)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these

(demonstrative pronoun)

महामुनयः (mahāmunayaḥ) - great sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+muni)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• muni – sage, ascetic, contemplative
  noun (masculine)

महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great seers, great rishis

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great seer, venerable sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – seer, sage, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - brahmins, inspired ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

ज्ञानकवचेन (jñānakavacena) - by the armor of knowledge

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jñānakavaca

jñānakavaca - armor of knowledge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+kavaca)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• kavaca – armor, shield, cuirass
  noun (masculine)

अवगुण्ठितशरीराः (avaguṇṭhitaśarīrāḥ) - having bodies covered or shielded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avaguṇṭhitaśarīra

avaguṇṭhitaśarīra - having the body covered/veiled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avaguṇṭhita+śarīra)

• avaguṇṭhita – covered, veiled, shrouded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root guṇṭh (to wrap, cover) with prefix ava
  Prefix: ava
  Root: guṇṭh (class 10)
• śarīra – body, corporeal frame
  noun (neuter)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

अदुःखक्षमाः (aduḥkhakṣamāḥ) - not susceptible to suffering (not susceptible to suffering, unable to endure pain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aduḥkhakṣama

aduḥkhakṣama - not enduring pain, incapable of bearing suffering

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+duḥkha+kṣama)

• a – not, non-, un- (negation)
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• kṣama – capable, able to endure, patient
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kṣam (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, although, too

(indeclinable)

दुःखकरीम् (duḥkhakarīm) - causing pain, painful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhakarī

duḥkhakarī - causing pain, painful, distressing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+karī)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• karī – making, causing, doing (feminine form of kara)
  adjective (feminine)
  Suffix -in attached to root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

ताम् (tām) - that, her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Repeated to denote variety.

ताम् (tām) - various (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Repeated to denote variety.

वृत्तिपूर्विकाम् (vṛttipūrvikām) - arising from their actions (karma) (preceded by action, arising from livelihood or activity)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛttipūrvikā

vṛttipūrvikā - preceded by action/livelihood

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛtti+pūrvika)

• vṛtti – action, conduct, livelihood, existence, mental modification
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• pūrvika – preceded by, former, previous
  adjective (masculine)

संसारकदर्थनाम् (saṁsārakadarthanām) - degradations of the cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (the degradation or humiliation of the cycle of existence (saṃsāra))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃsārakadarthanā

saṁsārakadarthanā - degradation/humiliation of saṃsāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+kadarthanā)

• saṃsāra – cycle of existence, transmigration
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• kadarthanā – degradation, ill-treatment, humiliation
  noun (feminine)

अनुभवन्तः (anubhavantaḥ) - experiencing, feeling, perceiving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anubhavat

anubhavat - experiencing, perceiving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

मुदितमनसः (muditamanasaḥ) - joyful-minded, cheerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muditamanas

muditamanas - joyful-minded, cheerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mudita+manas)

• mudita – delighted, joyful, happy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mud (to rejoice)
  Root: mud (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, soul
  noun (neuter)

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they remain, they stand, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)