योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-14

विषमो ह्यतितरां संसाररागो भोगीव दशति असिरिव च्छिनत्ति कुन्त इव वेधयति
रज्जुरिवावेष्टयति पावक इव दहति रात्रिरिवान्धयति अशङ्कितपरिपतितपुरुषान्पाषाण
इव विवशीकरोति हरति प्रज्ञां नाशयति स्थितिं पातयति मोहान्धकूपे
तृष्णा जर्जरीकरोति न तदस्ति किंचिद्दुःखं संसारी यन्न प्राप्नोति ॥ १४ ॥

viṣamo hyatitarāṃ saṃsārarāgo bhogīva daśati asiriva cchinatti kunta iva
vedhayati rajjurivāveṣṭayati pāvaka iva dahati rātririvāndhayati aśaṅkitaparipatitapuruṣānpāṣāṇa
iva vivaśīkaroti harati prajñāṃ nāśayati sthitiṃ pātayati
mohāndhakūpe tṛṣṇā jarjarīkaroti na tadasti kiṃcidduḥkhaṃ saṃsārī yanna prāpnoti 14

14. viṣamaḥ hi atitarām saṃsāra-rāgaḥ bhogī iva daśati asiḥ iva chinatti kuntaḥ iva
vedhayati rajjuḥ iva āveṣṭayati pāvakaḥ iva dahati rātriḥ iva andhayati aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣān
pāṣāṇaḥ iva vivaśīkaroti harati prajñām nāśayati sthitim pātayati
moha-andha-kūpe tṛṣṇā jarjarīkaroti na tat asti kiñcit duḥkham saṃsārī yat na prāpnoti

14. hi atitarām saṃsāra-rāgaḥ viṣamaḥ.
(saḥ) bhogī iva daśati,
asiḥ iva chinatti,
kuntaḥ iva vedhayati,
rajjuḥ iva āveṣṭayati,
pāvakaḥ iva dahati,
rātriḥ iva andhayati,
aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣān pāṣāṇaḥ iva vivaśīkaroti.
(saḥ) prajñām harati,
sthitim nāśayati,
moha-andha-kūpe pātayati.
tṛṣṇā jarjarīkaroti.
saṃsārī yat duḥkham na prāpnoti,
tat kiñcit na asti.

14. Indeed, attachment to worldly existence (saṃsāra-rāga) is exceedingly dangerous. It bites like a venomous snake (bhogin), cuts like a sword, pierces like a spear, entwines like a rope, burns like fire, blinds like the night, and renders unsuspecting individuals helpless like a falling stone. It steals wisdom, destroys stability, and throws one into the blind well of delusion. Craving (tṛṣṇā) utterly debilitates. There is truly no suffering that a worldly person (saṃsārin) does not experience.

Words meanings summery:

• विषमः (viṣamaḥ) - uneven, difficult, dangerous, terrible

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अतितराम् (atitarām) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

• संसार-रागः (saṁsāra-rāgaḥ) - attachment to worldly existence (saṃsāra)

• भोगी (bhogī) - snake (bhogin), enjoyer

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• दशति (daśati) - bites, stings

• असिः (asiḥ) - sword, scimitar

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• छिनत्ति (chinatti) - cuts, divides, breaks

• कुन्तः (kuntaḥ) - spear, lance

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• वेधयति (vedhayati) - pierces, wounds, penetrates

• रज्जुः (rajjuḥ) - rope, cord

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• आवेष्टयति (āveṣṭayati) - entwines, envelops, surrounds

• पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire, pure

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• दहति (dahati) - burns, consumes

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• अन्धयति (andhayati) - blinds, darkens

• अशङ्कित-परिपतित-पुरुषान् (aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣān) - unsuspecting and fallen persons

• पाषाणः (pāṣāṇaḥ) - stone, rock

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• विवशीकरोति (vivaśīkaroti) - renders helpless, makes powerless, subjugates

• हरति (harati) - carries away, steals, removes

• प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom, insight, intelligence

• नाशयति (nāśayati) - destroys, causes to perish

• स्थितिम् (sthitim) - stability, state, condition, existence

• पातयति (pātayati) - causes to fall, casts down, throws

• मोह-अन्ध-कूपे (moha-andha-kūpe) - in the blind well of delusion

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - thirst, craving, desire, longing (tṛṣṇā)

• जर्जरीकरोति (jarjarīkaroti) - causes to decay, debilitates, shatters, makes old

• न (na) - not, no

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something, some, a little

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• संसारी (saṁsārī) - one who is in the cycle of transmigration, a worldly person (saṃsārin)

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• न (na) - not, no

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, experiences

Words meanings and morphology

विषमः (viṣamaḥ) - uneven, difficult, dangerous, terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, arduous, difficult, dangerous, formidable, terrible

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अतितराम् (atitarām) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

(indeclinable)

संसार-रागः (saṁsāra-rāgaḥ) - attachment to worldly existence (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra-rāga

saṁsāra-rāga - attachment to the cycle of transmigration, worldly desire

Compound type : Tatpurusha (saṃsāra+rāga)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence (saṃsāra)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• rāga – attachment, passion, desire, color
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √rañj (to color, dye).
  Root: rañj (class 1)

भोगी (bhogī) - snake (bhogin), enjoyer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhogin

bhogin - snake, serpent (one with hoods or who enjoys), enjoyer, sensualist

Derived from root √bhuj (to enjoy, to eat) with suffix '-in'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

दशति (daśati) - bites, stings

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of daś

Root: daś (class 1)

असिः (asiḥ) - sword, scimitar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, scimitar, knife

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

छिनत्ति (chinatti) - cuts, divides, breaks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of chid

Root: chid (class 7)

कुन्तः (kuntaḥ) - spear, lance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kunta

kunta - spear, lance, dart

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

वेधयति (vedhayati) - pierces, wounds, penetrates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vyadh

Causative form

Causative of root √vyadh (to pierce).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

रज्जुः (rajjuḥ) - rope, cord

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rajju

rajju - rope, cord, string

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

आवेष्टयति (āveṣṭayati) - entwines, envelops, surrounds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of veṣṭ

From root √veṣṭ (to encircle) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire, pure

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purifying, Agni (god of fire)

Derived from root √pū (to purify).

Root: pū (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

दहति (dahati) - burns, consumes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dah

Root: dah (class 1)

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

अन्धयति (andhayati) - blinds, darkens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of andh

Denominative/Causative verb from 'andha' (blind)

Derived from the adjective 'andha' meaning 'blind'.

Root: andh

अशङ्कित-परिपतित-पुरुषान् (aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣān) - unsuspecting and fallen persons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣa

aśaṅkita-paripatita-puruṣa - persons who are unsuspecting and fallen/perished

Compound type : Karma-dhāraya (aśaṅkita+paripatita+puruṣa)

• aśaṅkita – unsuspected, undoubting, unsuspecting, confident
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative ('a') of Past Passive Participle of root √śaṅk (to doubt).
  Prefix: a
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)
• paripatita – fallen, stumbled, having fallen down
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root √pat (to fall) with prefix 'pari'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: pat (class 1)
• puruṣa – person, man, male, human being, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

पाषाणः (pāṣāṇaḥ) - stone, rock

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṣāṇa

pāṣāṇa - stone, rock, pebble

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

विवशीकरोति (vivaśīkaroti) - renders helpless, makes powerless, subjugates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vivaśīkṛ

Denominative/Causative verb from 'vivaśa' (helpless)

Derived from the adjective 'vivaśa' (helpless) with the suffix '-īkṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

हरति (harati) - carries away, steals, removes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom, insight, intelligence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, insight, knowledge

Derived from root √jñā (to know) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

नाशयति (nāśayati) - destroys, causes to perish

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Causative form

Causative of root √naś (to perish).

Root: naś (class 4)

स्थितिम् (sthitim) - stability, state, condition, existence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, existing, stability, position, state, condition

Derived from root √sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

पातयति (pātayati) - causes to fall, casts down, throws

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Causative form

Causative of root √pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

मोह-अन्ध-कूपे (moha-andha-kūpe) - in the blind well of delusion

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of moha-andha-kūpa

moha-andha-kūpa - blind well of delusion/infatuation

Compound type : Tatpurusha (moha+andha+kūpa)

• moha – delusion, infatuation, ignorance, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √muh (to be bewildered, to faint).
  Root: muh (class 4)
• andha – blind, dark, ignorant
  adjective
• kūpa – well, pit, hole, cavity
  noun (masculine)

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - thirst, craving, desire, longing (tṛṣṇā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, desire, longing, greed (tṛṣṇā)

Derived from root √tṛṣ (to thirst).

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

जर्जरीकरोति (jarjarīkaroti) - causes to decay, debilitates, shatters, makes old

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jarjarīkṛ

Denominative/Causative verb from 'jarjara' (decrepit)

Derived from the adjective 'jarjara' (decrepit, old) with the suffix '-īkṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something, some, a little

(indeclinable)

Note: Here functioning as an adjective modifying 'duḥkham'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

संसारी (saṁsārī) - one who is in the cycle of transmigration, a worldly person (saṃsārin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsārin

saṁsārin - one who transmigrates, a worldly person (saṃsārin), an individual soul

Agent noun from 'saṃsāra'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'duḥkham'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

From root √āp (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)