योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-31, verse-20

अथवा तादृशी युक्तिर्यदि ब्रह्मन्न विद्यते ।
न वक्ति मम वा कश्चिद्विद्यमानामपि स्फुटम् ॥ २० ॥

athavā tādṛśī yuktiryadi brahmanna vidyate ,
na vakti mama vā kaścidvidyamānāmapi sphuṭam 20

20. athavā tādṛśī yuktiḥ yadi brahman na vidyate
na vakti mama vā kaścit vidyamānām api sphuṭam

20. athavā brahman yadi tādṛśī yuktiḥ na vidyate
vā kaścit vidyamānām api sphuṭam mama na vakti

20. Or, O Brahmin, if such a method does not exist, and no one clearly explains it to me even if one does exist.

Words meanings summery:

• अथवा (athavā) - or, otherwise

• तादृशी (tādṛśī) - such, of that kind

• युक्तिः (yuktiḥ) - method, reasoning, means, connection, union, application

• यदि (yadi) - if

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O venerable one

• न (na) - not

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

• न (na) - not

• वक्ति (vakti) - speaks, tells

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• वा (vā) - or

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone

• विद्यमानाम् (vidyamānām) - existing, present

• अपि (api) - even, also

• स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) - clearly, distinctly, manifest

Words meanings and morphology

अथवा (athavā) - or, otherwise

(indeclinable)

तादृशी (tādṛśī) - such, of that kind

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, like that, of that kind

Derived from tad (that) + dṛś (see) with the suffix -śa.

Note: Qualifies 'yuktiḥ'.

युक्तिः (yuktiḥ) - method, reasoning, means, connection, union, application

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yukti

yukti - method, reasoning, means, connection, union, application

Derived from the root yuj (to join, connect) with suffix -ti.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O venerable one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, one who knows Brahman, the ultimate reality (brahman)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle Indicative

From root vid (to be, exist), 4th class, middle voice.

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: The verb for 'yuktiḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'vakti'.

वक्ति (vakti) - speaks, tells

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Active Indicative

From root vac (to speak), 2nd class, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The verb for 'kaścit'.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: The indirect object of 'vakti'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two clauses.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone

Derived from kim (who) + cit (indefinite particle).

Note: Subject of 'vakti'.

विद्यमानाम् (vidyamānām) - existing, present

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyamāna

vidyamāna - existing, present, being

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root vid (to be, exist), 4th class, with present participle suffix -māna.

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'yuktim' (method).

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) - clearly, distinctly, manifest

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies 'vakti'.