वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-70, verse-5

पुरा कृतयुगे राम मनुर्दण्डधरः प्रभुः ।
तस्य पुत्रो महानासीदिक्ष्वाकुः कुलवर्धनः ॥५॥

5. purā kṛtayuge rāma manurdaṇḍadharaḥ prabhuḥ ,
tasya putro mahānāsīdikṣvākuḥ kulavardhanaḥ.

5. purā kṛtayuge Rāma Manuḥ daṇḍadharaḥ prabhuḥ
tasya putraḥ mahān āsīt Ikṣvākuḥ kulavardhanaḥ

5. Formerly, O Rama, in the Kṛta age, there was Manu, a ruler and a powerful lord. His great son was Ikshvaku, the enhancer of the family.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in ancient times, before)

• कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta age (in the Kṛta age, in the golden age)

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (Manu (the progenitor of mankind, a lawgiver))

• दण्डधरः (daṇḍadharaḥ) - ruler (bearer of the staff/scepter, ruler, king)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - powerful lord (lord, master, powerful, capable)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Manu) (his, of him, of that)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• इक्ष्वाकुः (ikṣvākuḥ) - Ikshvaku (Ikshvaku (name of an ancient king))

• कुलवर्धनः (kulavardhanaḥ) - the enhancer of the family (enhancer of the family, one who increases the family's glory)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in ancient times, before)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta age (in the Kṛta age, in the golden age)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtayuga

kṛtayuga - Kṛta age (the first and golden age of the world), perfect age

Compound of kṛta (done, made, perfect) and yuga (age, epoch).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṛta+yuga)

• kṛta – done, made, performed, perfect
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yuga – age, epoch, yoke, pair
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates time/place.

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Rāma

Rāma - Rama (a celebrated Hindu deity, central figure of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Addressing Rama.

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (Manu (the progenitor of mankind, a lawgiver))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Manu

Manu - Manu (progenitor of mankind, lawgiver), man, human being

u-stem noun.

Root: man (class 4)

दण्डधरः (daṇḍadharaḥ) - ruler (bearer of the staff/scepter, ruler, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍadhara

daṇḍadhara - bearer of the staff/scepter, ruler, king, disciplinarian

Compound of daṇḍa (staff, scepter) and dhara (bearer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+dhara)

• daṇḍa – staff, stick, scepter, punishment, fine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing, possessing, (suffix) bearer
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to bear, hold) + a suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate noun for Manuḥ.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - powerful lord (lord, master, powerful, capable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, capable, prominent

From pra + root bhū (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Another predicate noun for Manuḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Manu) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, refers to Manu.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

t-stem adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies putraḥ.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect active indicative

Third person singular imperfect active form of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

इक्ष्वाकुः (ikṣvākuḥ) - Ikshvaku (Ikshvaku (name of an ancient king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Ikṣvāku

Ikṣvāku - Ikshvaku (name of an ancient king, progenitor of solar dynasty)

u-stem noun.

कुलवर्धनः (kulavardhanaḥ) - the enhancer of the family (enhancer of the family, one who increases the family's glory)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulavardhana

kulavardhana - enhancer of the family, one who increases the family's prosperity/glory

Compound of kula (family) and vardhana (increasing, enhancing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+vardhana)

• kula – family, lineage, race, community
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kul (class 1)
• vardhana – increasing, growing, enhancing, prospering
  adjective (masculine)
  From root vṛdh (to grow, increase) + ana suffix.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Ikṣvākuḥ.