वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-49, verse-3

अतो दुःखतरं किं नु राघवस्य भविष्यति ।
पत्नीं शुद्धसमाचारां विसृज्य जनकात्मजाम् ॥३॥

3. ato duḥkhataraṃ kiṃ nu rāghavasya bhaviṣyati ,
patnīṃ śuddhasamācārāṃ visṛjya janakātmajām.

3. ataḥ duḥkhataram kim nu rāghavasya bhaviṣyati
patnīm śuddhasamācārām visṛjya janakātmajām

3. śuddhasamācārām janakātmajām patnīm visṛjya
ataḥ rāghavasya kim nu duḥkhataram bhaviṣyati

3. Having abandoned his wife, Janaka's daughter, who is of pure conduct, what indeed will be more sorrowful than this for Rama (rāghava)?

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, than this

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, worse, more painful

• किम् (kim) - what?

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama (of Raghu's descendant, of Rama)

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

• पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife, spouse

• शुद्धसमाचाराम् (śuddhasamācārām) - of pure conduct, virtuous

• विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having sent away

• जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (Janaka's daughter, Sita)

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, than this

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to idam (this)

Note: Used here in comparison, 'than this'.

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, worse, more painful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more sorrowful, more painful

Comparative form of duḥkha (sorrowful)

Note: Qualifies implied 'condition' or 'fate'.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama (of Raghu's descendant, of Rama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

A patronymic/matronymic, here specifically referring to Rama

Note: Genitive of possession or relation.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future

3rd person singular, active voice, future tense

Root: bhū (class 1)

पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife, spouse

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress of the house

Note: Object of Visṛjya.

शुद्धसमाचाराम् (śuddhasamācārām) - of pure conduct, virtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuddhasamācārā

śuddhasamācārā - one whose conduct is pure, of virtuous character

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śuddha+samācāra)

• śuddha – pure, clean, clear
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śudh (to purify)
  Root: śudh (class 4)
• samācāra – conduct, behaviour, practice
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix sam- + ā- + root car (to move, conduct)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Patnīm and Janakātmajām.

विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having sent away

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root sṛj (to abandon, emit) with prefix vi- and suffix -lyap

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (Janaka's daughter, Sita)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka (Sita)

Compound of Janaka (father of Sita) and ātmajā (daughter)

Compound type : tatpurusha (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – father, begetter; name of a king
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ātmajā – daughter (born from oneself)
  noun (feminine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Patnīm and Śuddhasamācārām.