वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-40, verse-4

तव शासनमाज्ञाय गतो ऽस्मि धनदं प्रति ।
उपस्थातुं नरश्रेष्ठ स च मां प्रत्यभाषत ॥४॥

4. tava śāsanamājñāya gato'smi dhanadaṃ prati ,
upasthātuṃ naraśreṣṭha sa ca māṃ pratyabhāṣata.

4. tava śāsanam ājñāya gataḥ asmi dhanadam prati
upasthātum naraśreṣṭha saḥ ca mām pratyabhāṣata

4. naraśreṣṭha tava śāsanam ājñāya dhanadam prati
upasthātum gataḥ asmi ca saḥ mām pratyabhāṣata

4. O best among men, having understood your command, I went to Kubera to attend him. And he spoke to me in reply.

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• शासनम् (śāsanam) - command, instruction, rule

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having commanded

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, proceeded, having gone

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• धनदम् (dhanadam) - to the bestower of wealth, to Kubera

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in the direction of

• उपस्थातुम् (upasthātum) - to attend, to serve, to stand near

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best among men

• सः (saḥ) - he

• च (ca) - and, also

• माम् (mām) - me

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he answered

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

शासनम् (śāsanam) - command, instruction, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, order, rule, instruction

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having commanded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root jñā (to know) with the prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, proceeded, having gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, proceeded, past, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

धनदम् (dhanadam) - to the bestower of wealth, to Kubera

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanada

dhanada - bestower of wealth, an epithet of Kubera

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+da)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in the direction of

(indeclinable)

उपस्थातुम् (upasthātum) - to attend, to serve, to stand near

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root sthā (to stand) with the prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of pratibhāṣ

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

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