वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-112, verse-18

निष्फलाः फलिनश्चासन् विपुष्पाः पुष्पशालिनः ।
शुष्काः समग्रपत्रास्ते नगाश्चैव मधुस्रवाः ॥१८॥

18. niṣphalāḥ phalinaścāsan vipuṣpāḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ ,
śuṣkāḥ samagrapatrāste nagāścaiva madhusravāḥ.

18. niṣphalāḥ phālinaḥ ca āsan vipuṣpāḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ
śuṣkāḥ samagrapatrāḥ te nagāḥ ca eva madhusravāḥ

18. niṣphalāḥ phālinaḥ ca āsan vipuṣpāḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ
śuṣkāḥ samagrapatrāḥ te nagāḥ ca eva madhusravāḥ

18. The fruitless trees became fruitful, the flowerless ones became splendid with flowers. Even the dry trees became fully leafy and flowed with sweet sap.

Words meanings summery:

• निष्फलाः (niṣphalāḥ) - fruitless, barren

• फालिनः (phālinaḥ) - bearing fruit, fruitful

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसन् (āsan) - they were, they became

• विपुष्पाः (vipuṣpāḥ) - flowerless, without flowers

• पुष्पशालिनः (puṣpaśālinaḥ) - splendid with flowers, abounding in flowers

• शुष्काः (śuṣkāḥ) - dry, withered

• समग्रपत्राः (samagrapatrāḥ) - fully leafy, having all their leaves

• ते (te) - Refers to the aforementioned trees. (those)

• नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

• मधुस्रवाः (madhusravāḥ) - flowing with honey/sweet sap

Words meanings and morphology

निष्फलाः (niṣphalāḥ) - fruitless, barren

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣphala

niṣphala - fruitless, without result

Compound: nis-phala; 'nis' (without) + 'phala' (fruit)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+phala)

• nis – without, out
  indeclinable
  Negative/privative prefix
• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

फालिनः (phālinaḥ) - bearing fruit, fruitful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phālin

phālin - bearing fruit, fruitful

From phala (fruit) + -in suffix

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - they were, they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

Root as (to be), Class 2

Root: as (class 2)

विपुष्पाः (vipuṣpāḥ) - flowerless, without flowers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipuṣpa

vipuṣpa - flowerless, without flowers

Compound: vi-puṣpa; 'vi' (without) + 'puṣpa' (flower)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+puṣpa)

• vi – without, apart
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: puṣ

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

पुष्पशालिनः (puṣpaśālinaḥ) - splendid with flowers, abounding in flowers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puṣpaśālin

puṣpaśālin - splendid with flowers, abounding in flowers

Compound of puṣpa (flower) and śālin (possessing splendor)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṣpa+śālin)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: puṣ
• śālin – splendid, adorned with, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root śāl (to shine, be splendid) + -in suffix
  Root: śāl (class 1)

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

शुष्काः (śuṣkāḥ) - dry, withered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuṣka

śuṣka - dry, withered

Past Passive Participle

From root śuṣ (to dry)

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

समग्रपत्राः (samagrapatrāḥ) - fully leafy, having all their leaves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samagrapatra

samagrapatra - fully leafy, having all their leaves

Compound: samagra (entire) + patra (leaf)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (samagra+patra)

• samagra – entire, whole, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  From sam (together) + agra (top, front)
  Prefix: sam
• patra – leaf, foliage
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pat

Note: Qualifies implied 'vṛkṣāḥ' or 'nagāḥ'.

ते (te) - Refers to the aforementioned trees. (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to trees, qualifies 'nagāḥ'.

नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - tree, mountain

Lit. 'that which does not move' (na-ga)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root gam
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मधुस्रवाः (madhusravāḥ) - flowing with honey/sweet sap

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madhusrava

madhusrava - flowing with honey/sweet sap

Compound of madhu (honey/sweet) and srava (flowing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+srava)

• madhu – honey, sweet
  noun (neuter)
• srava – flowing, stream
  noun (masculine)
  From root sru (to flow)
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nagāḥ'.