वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-4, verse-4

हंसो यथा राजतपञ्जुरस्थः सिंहो यथा मन्दरकन्दरस्थः ।
वीरो यथा गर्वितकुञ्जरस्थश्चन्द्रो ऽपि बभ्राज तथाम्बरस्थः ॥४॥

4. haṃso yathā rājatapañjurasthaḥ siṃho yathā mandarakandarasthaḥ ,
vīro yathā garvitakuñjarasthaścandro'pi babhrāja tathāmbarasthaḥ.

4. haṃsaḥ yathā rājatapañjarasthaḥ
siṃhaḥ yathā mandarakandarasthaḥ
vīraḥ yathā garvitakuñjarasthaḥ
candraḥ api babhrāja tathā ambarasthaḥ

4. yathā haṃsaḥ rājatapañjarasthaḥ
yathā siṃhaḥ mandarakandarasthaḥ
yathā vīraḥ garvitakuñjarasthaḥ
tathā candraḥ api ambarasthaḥ babhrāja

4. Just as a swan appears glorious in a silver cage, just as a lion in a cave of Mount Mandara, and just as a hero on a proud elephant, so too did the moon shine resplendently, situated in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - a swan (swan, goose, soul)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• राजतपञ्जरस्थः (rājatapañjarasthaḥ) - situated in a silver cage

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion (lion)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• मन्दरकन्दरस्थः (mandarakandarasthaḥ) - situated in a cave of Mount Mandara

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - a hero (hero, brave man)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• गर्वितकुञ्जरस्थः (garvitakuñjarasthaḥ) - situated on a proud elephant

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon (moon, luminous)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• बभ्राज (babhrāja) - shone resplendently (shone, was resplendent)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, just so (similarly, so, thus)

• अम्बरस्थः (ambarasthaḥ) - situated in the sky

Words meanings and morphology

हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - a swan (swan, goose, soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, flamingo, soul, sun

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

राजतपञ्जरस्थः (rājatapañjarasthaḥ) - situated in a silver cage

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājatapañjarastha

rājatapañjarastha - situated in a silver cage

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājata+pañjara+stha)

• rājata – silvery, made of silver
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'rajata' (silver)
• pañjara – cage, framework
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying haṃsaḥ

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion (lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion, hero, chief

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

मन्दरकन्दरस्थः (mandarakandarasthaḥ) - situated in a cave of Mount Mandara

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandarakandarastha

mandarakandarastha - situated in a cave of Mount Mandara

Compound type : tatpurusha (mandara+kandara+stha)

• mandara – Mount Mandara (mythical mountain)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kandara – cave, cavern
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying siṃhaḥ

वीरः (vīraḥ) - a hero (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

गर्वितकुञ्जरस्थः (garvitakuñjarasthaḥ) - situated on a proud elephant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garvitakuñjarastha

garvitakuñjarastha - situated on a proud elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (garvita+kuñjara+stha)

• garvita – proud, arrogant
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'garv' (to be proud)
  Root: garv (class 1)
• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying vīraḥ

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon (moon, luminous)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, luminous, shining, gold

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

बभ्राज (babhrāja) - shone resplendently (shone, was resplendent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhrāj

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, just so (similarly, so, thus)

(indeclinable)

अम्बरस्थः (ambarasthaḥ) - situated in the sky

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambarastha

ambarastha - situated in the sky

Compound type : tatpurusha (ambara+stha)

• ambara – sky, atmosphere, cloth
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying candraḥ