वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-23, verse-4

सा राक्षसी मध्यगता सीता सुरसुतोपमा ।
न शर्म लेभे दुःखार्ता रावणेन च तर्जिता ॥४॥

4. sā rākṣasī madhyagatā sītā surasutopamā ,
na śarma lebhe duḥkhārtā rāvaṇena ca tarjitā.

4. sā rākṣasī madhyagatā sītā surasutopamā na
śarma lebhe duḥkhārtā rāvaṇena ca tarjitā

4. sā sītā surasutopamā rākṣasī madhyagatā
duḥkhārtā ca rāvaṇena tarjitā śarma na lebhe

4. That Sita, who resembled a daughter of the gods, found no peace while surrounded by the female demons, afflicted by sorrow, and threatened by Ravana.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - among the female demons (adjectival sense implied by context) (female demon, demoness)

• मध्यगता (madhyagatā) - situated in the middle (of the female demons) (situated in the middle, placed in the midst)

• सीता (sītā) - Sita

• सुरसुतोपमा (surasutopamā) - resembling a daughter of gods, god-daughter-like

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• शर्म (śarma) - comfort, peace, happiness, welfare

• लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, gained, received

• दुःखार्ता (duḥkhārtā) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed, suffering

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Ravana

• च (ca) - and, also

• तर्जिता (tarjitā) - threatened, intimidated

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - among the female demons (adjectival sense implied by context) (female demon, demoness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - female demon, demoness

Feminine form of 'rākṣasa'.

Note: Grammatically nominative singular, but contextually understood to mean 'among the Rākṣasīs' or as an adjective describing Sita's situation.

मध्यगता (madhyagatā) - situated in the middle (of the female demons) (situated in the middle, placed in the midst)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madhyagata

madhyagata - situated in the middle, gone into the midst

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhya+gata)

• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, situated, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Sita.

सीता (sītā) - Sita

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife); furrow, line

सुरसुतोपमा (surasutopamā) - resembling a daughter of gods, god-daughter-like

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of surasutopamā

surasutopamā - resembling a daughter of gods

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sura+sutā+upamā)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• sutā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of `suta` (son), derived from root `sū` (to bear, produce).
  Root: sū
• upamā – comparison, resemblance, simile
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with Sita.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

शर्म (śarma) - comfort, peace, happiness, welfare

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - comfort, peace, happiness, joy, welfare, refuge

लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, gained, received

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (Lit) of labh

Perfect (Lit) third singular

Root `labh` (to obtain) in perfect tense, third person singular, middle voice.

Root: labh (class 1)

दुःखार्ता (duḥkhārtā) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed, suffering pain

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+ārtā)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `ṛ` (to go, to move), meaning 'stricken'.
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Sita.

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Ravana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king of Lanka)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तर्जिता (tarjitā) - threatened, intimidated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tarjita

tarjita - threatened, intimidated, reproached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `tarj` (to threaten, scold).

Root: tarj (class 10)

Note: Agrees with Sita.