वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-54, verse-13

अभिवादनपूर्वं तु राजा कुशलमेव च ।
वाच्यस्ततो यवीयान्मे सुग्रीवो वानरेश्वरः ॥१३॥

13. abhivādanapūrvaṃ tu rājā kuśalameva ca ,
vācyastato yavīyānme sugrīvo vānareśvaraḥ.

13. abhivādanapūrvam tu rājā kuśalam eva ca
vācyaḥ tataḥ yavīyān me sugrīvaḥ vānarēśvaraḥ

13. First, you should offer respectful salutations to the king and also inquire about his welfare. Then, my younger brother, Sugrīva, the lord of monkeys, should be addressed.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवादनपूर्वम् (abhivādanapūrvam) - having offered respectful salutations (preceded by salutation, with salutation first, respectfully)

• तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Sugrīva, implied) (king)

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being (welfare, well-being, skill, prosperity)

• एव (eva) - also (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be addressed, should be spoken to (to be spoken, to be told, to be addressed, to be said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, from there, therefore)

• यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger (brother) (younger, very young, youngest)

• मे (me) - my (to me, my, for me)

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (proper name))

• वानरेश्वरः (vānarēśvaraḥ) - the lord of monkeys (lord of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवादनपूर्वम् (abhivādanapūrvam) - having offered respectful salutations (preceded by salutation, with salutation first, respectfully)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhivādana+pūrva)

• abhivādana – salutation, obeisance, reverence
  noun (neuter)
  From abhi-√vad (to speak to, greet), -ana suffix for action noun.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: vad (class 1)
• pūrva – first, earlier, preceding
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

राजा (rājā) - the king (Sugrīva, implied) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied vācyaḥ.

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being (welfare, well-being, skill, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - well, healthy, skilful, auspicious

Note: Object of implied vācyaḥ (should be inquired about).

एव (eva) - also (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - should be addressed, should be spoken to (to be spoken, to be told, to be addressed, to be said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - speakable, to be said, to be spoken, to be addressed

Gerundive

Formed from root √vac (to speak) + suffix ya.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implies an agent in instrumental case (by you/them).

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger (brother) (younger, very young, youngest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, youngest, very young

Comparative form of yuvan (young).

मे (me) - my (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

वानरेश्वरः (vānarēśvaraḥ) - the lord of monkeys (lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānarēśvara

vānarēśvara - lord of monkeys, king of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+īśvara)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)