वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-45, verse-11

ततो ऽहं वालिना तेन सानुबन्धः प्रधावितः ।
नदीश्च विविधाः पश्यन् वनानि नगराणि च ॥११॥

11. tato'haṃ vālinā tena sānubandhaḥ pradhāvitaḥ ,
nadīśca vividhāḥ paśyan vanāni nagarāṇi ca.

11. tataḥ aham vālinā tena sānubandhaḥ pradhāvitaḥ
nadīḥ ca vividhāḥ paśyan vanāni nagarāṇi ca

11. tataḥ aham sānubandhaḥ tena vālinā pradhāvitaḥ
paśyan ca vividhāḥ nadīḥ vanāni ca nagarāṇi

11. Then I, along with my retinue (sānubandhaḥ), was pursued by that Vālī, as I fled past various rivers, forests, and cities.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Sugriva) (I)

• वालिना (vālinā) - by Vālī

• तेन (tena) - by that (Vālī) (by that, by him)

• सानुबन्धः (sānubandhaḥ) - along with my retinue (sānubandhaḥ) (with his followers/relatives, with associates)

• प्रधावितः (pradhāvitaḥ) - was pursued (pursued, chased, made to flee)

• नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various (various, diverse)

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - as I saw, seeing (seeing, observing)

• वनानि (vanāni) - forests (forests, woods)

• नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities (cities, towns)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (Sugriva) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

वालिना (vālinā) - by Vālī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vālī (name of a great Vānara king)

Note: Agent of the passive verb `pradhāvitaḥ`.

तेन (tena) - by that (Vālī) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `vālinā`.

सानुबन्धः (sānubandhaḥ) - along with my retinue (sānubandhaḥ) (with his followers/relatives, with associates)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sānubandha

sānubandha - with followers/retinue, having connections/consequences

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+anubandha)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
  prefix
• anubandha – connection, attachment, consequence, follower
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `aham`.

प्रधावितः (pradhāvitaḥ) - was pursued (pursued, chased, made to flee)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhāvita

pradhāvita - pursued, chased, fled rapidly

Past Passive Participle

From root dhāv (to run) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `aham`.

नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Object of `paśyan`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various (various, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with `nadīḥ`.

पश्यन् (paśyan) - as I saw, seeing (seeing, observing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

dṛś - to see, to perceive

Present active participle

From root dṛś, takes stem paśya- in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `aham`.

वनानि (vanāni) - forests (forests, woods)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of `paśyan`.

नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities (cities, towns)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Object of `paśyan`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.