वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-7, verse-4

उदयन्न्तं दिनकरं दृष्ट्वा विगतकल्मषाः ।
सुतीक्ष्णमभिगम्येदं श्लक्ष्णं वचनमब्रुवन् ॥४॥

4. udayanntaṃ dinakaraṃ dṛṣṭvā vigatakalmaṣāḥ ,
sutīkṣṇamabhigamyedaṃ ślakṣṇaṃ vacanamabruvan.

4. udayantam dinakaram dṛṣṭvā vigatakalmaṣāḥ
sutīkṣṇam abhigamya idam ślakṣṇam vacanam abruvan

4. vigatakalmaṣāḥ udayantam dinakaram dṛṣṭvā
sutīkṣṇam abhigamya idam ślakṣṇam vacanam abruvan

4. Having seen the rising sun, and being purified of their impurities, they approached Sutīkṣṇa and spoke these gentle words.

Words meanings summery:

• उदयन्तम् (udayantam) - rising (rising, ascending)

• दिनकरम् (dinakaram) - the sun (sun, day-maker)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• विगतकल्मषाः (vigatakalmaṣāḥ) - purified of their impurities (whose impurities are gone, purified from sin)

• सुतीक्ष्णम् (sutīkṣṇam) - to Sutīkṣṇa (to Sutīkṣṇa (a proper name))

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gentle (smooth, gentle, polite, soft)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke (they spoke, they said)

Words meanings and morphology

उदयन्तम् (udayantam) - rising (rising, ascending)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udayat

udayat - rising, ascending

present active participle

from prefix ud- + root i (to go) + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `dinakaram`.

दिनकरम् (dinakaram) - the sun (sun, day-maker)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dinakara

dinakara - sun, day-maker

upapada tatpuruṣa compound: dina (day) + kara (maker)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dina+kara)

• dina – day
  noun (masculine)
• kara – maker, doer, hand
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विगतकल्मषाः (vigatakalmaṣāḥ) - purified of their impurities (whose impurities are gone, purified from sin)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vigatakalmaṣa

vigatakalmaṣa - whose impurities are gone, free from sin

bahuvrīhi compound: vigata (gone) + kalmaṣa (impurity, sin)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vigata+kalmaṣa)

• vigata – gone, departed
  adjective
  past passive participle
  from prefix vi- + root gam (to go)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• kalmaṣa – impurity, sin, stain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Rama, Lakshmana, Sita).

सुतीक्ष्णम् (sutīkṣṇam) - to Sutīkṣṇa (to Sutīkṣṇa (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sutīkṣṇa

sutīkṣṇa - Sutīkṣṇa (name of a sage), very sharp

Note: Object of `abhigamya`.

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from prefix abhi- + root gam (to go) + lyap suffix

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies `vacanam`.

श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gentle (smooth, gentle, polite, soft)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, gentle, polite, soft

Note: Qualifies `vacanam`.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of `abruvan`.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke (they spoke, they said)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice

root brū, adadi class (2nd conjugation)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The "a" prefix indicates imperfect tense.