वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-55, verse-8

दूरं नीत्वा तु मारीचो राक्षसो ऽभूच्छराहतः ।
हा लक्ष्मण हतो ऽस्मीति यद्वाक्यं व्यजहार ह ॥८॥

8. dūraṃ nītvā tu mārīco rākṣaso'bhūccharāhataḥ ,
hā lakṣmaṇa hato'smīti yadvākyaṃ vyajahāra ha.

8. dūram nītvā tu mārīcaḥ rākṣasaḥ abhūt śara āhataḥ
hā lakṣmaṇa hataḥ asmi iti yat vākyam vyajahāra ha

8. mārīcaḥ rākṣasaḥ tu dūram nītvā śara āhataḥ abhūt
ha yat vākyam hā lakṣmaṇa hataḥ asmi iti vyajahāra

8. Indeed, after leading me far away, Maricha, the demon, would be struck by an arrow, and would then utter the words: 'Alas, Lakshmana, I am slain!'

Words meanings summery:

• दूरम् (dūram) - far away (from the hermitage) (far, a long distance)

• नीत्वा (nītvā) - having led (me) (having led, having carried)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - the demon Maricha (Maricha)

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - (Maricha) the demon (demon, Rakshasa)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

• शर (śara) - arrow

• आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, wounded, smitten

• हा (hā) - alas!, ah!, oh!

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, wounded

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - (marks the end of direct speech) (thus, so, in this way)

• यत् (yat) - which (speech) (which, what, that)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, sentence, statement

• व्यजहार (vyajahāra) - uttered, spoke, declared

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

दूरम् (dūram) - far away (from the hermitage) (far, a long distance)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular.

Note: Adverb modifying 'nītvā'.

नीत्वा (nītvā) - having led (me) (having led, having carried)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root nī (to lead), Class 1.

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main action.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - the demon Maricha (Maricha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārīca

mārīca - Maricha (proper noun, son of Marīci)

Note: Subject of 'abhūt' and 'vyajahāra'.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - (Maricha) the demon (demon, Rakshasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rakshasa

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'mārīcaḥ'.

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of abhūt

Aorist, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root bhū (to be, become), Class 1, a-augment.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

शर (śara) - arrow

(noun)

masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

From root śṛ (to hurt, destroy).

Root: śṛ (class 1)

आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, wounded, smitten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, smitten, wounded, injured

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with ā prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mārīcaḥ'.

हा (hā) - alas!, ah!, oh!

(indeclinable)

Interjection.

Note: Expresses lament.

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (proper noun)

Vocative singular.

Note: Addressing Lakshmana.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill), Class 2.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate of 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Parasmaipada, 1st Person Singular

From root as (to be), Class 2.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - (marks the end of direct speech) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Particle marking quotation or conclusion.

यत् (yat) - which (speech) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, sentence, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vyajahāra'.

व्यजहार (vyajahāra) - uttered, spoke, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyajahāra

Perfect Tense (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root hṛ (to take, carry) with vi and ā prefixes (vy-ā-hṛ to utter).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or narrative particle.

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