वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-55, verse-13

ततो ऽविदूरे रामेण समीयाय स लक्ष्मणः ।
विषण्णः स विषण्णेन दुःखितो दुःखभागिना ॥१३॥

13. tato'vidūre rāmeṇa samīyāya sa lakṣmaṇaḥ ,
viṣaṇṇaḥ sa viṣaṇṇena duḥkhito duḥkhabhāginā.

13. tataḥ avidūre rāmeṇa samīyāya saḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ
viṣaṇṇaḥ saḥ viṣaṇṇena duḥkhitaḥ duḥkhabhāginā

13. tataḥ avidūre saḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ viṣaṇṇaḥ duḥkhitaḥ
saḥ viṣaṇṇena duḥkhabhāginā rāmeṇa samīyāya

13. Then, not far from there, Lakshmana, himself despondent and full of sorrow, met Rama, who was likewise despondent and afflicted with grief.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that place

• अविदूरे (avidūre) - nearby, not far

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• समीयाय (samīyāya) - met, approached

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

• विषण्णः (viṣaṇṇaḥ) - dejected, despondent, depressed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विषण्णेन (viṣaṇṇena) - by Rama, who was dejected (by the dejected one, by the despondent one)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, distressed, afflicted

• दुःखभागिना (duḥkhabhāginā) - by Rama, who was sharing in Lakshmana's or general grief (by the one sharing sorrow, by the one who experiences sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that place

(indeclinable)

अविदूरे (avidūre) - nearby, not far

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of avidūra

avidūra - not far, near, close

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dūra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

Note: used adverbially, modifying the location of meeting

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name); pleasing, charming

समीयाय (samīyāya) - met, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of sam-i

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: ātmanepada form of a parasmaipada root

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to Lakshmana

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (a proper name); having auspicious marks

विषण्णः (viṣaṇṇaḥ) - dejected, despondent, depressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, despondent, depressed, sad

Past Passive Participle

from root sad (to sit, sink) with vi + ni (the ni becomes ṇ), past participle suffix -ta, but root undergoes sandhi and n-insertion.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: modifies Lakshmana

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to Lakshmana, used emphatically or as a pronoun

विषण्णेन (viṣaṇṇena) - by Rama, who was dejected (by the dejected one, by the despondent one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, despondent, depressed, sad

Past Passive Participle

from root sad (to sit, sink) with vi + ni, past participle suffix -ta, but root undergoes sandhi and n-insertion.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: refers to Rama

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, distressed, afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - sorrowful, distressed, afflicted, unhappy

derived from duḥkha + -ita (suffix forming adjectives meaning 'affected by')

Note: modifies Lakshmana

दुःखभागिना (duḥkhabhāginā) - by Rama, who was sharing in Lakshmana's or general grief (by the one sharing sorrow, by the one who experiences sorrow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duḥkhabhāgin

duḥkhabhāgin - sharing in sorrow, participating in unhappiness, suffering

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+bhāgin)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• bhāgin – sharing, possessing a share, participant
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  from bhāga (share) + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: refers to Rama

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