वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-20, verse-10

सास्मि भीता समुद्विग्ना विषण्णा च निशाचर ।
शरणं त्वां पुनः प्राप्ता सर्वतो भयदर्शिनी ॥१०॥

10. sāsmi bhītā samudvignā viṣaṇṇā ca niśācara ,
śaraṇaṃ tvāṃ punaḥ prāptā sarvato bhayadarśinī.

10. sā asmi bhītā samudvignā viṣaṇṇā ca niśācara
śaraṇam tvām punaḥ prāptā sarvataḥ bhayadarśinī

10. niśācara! sā bhītā samudvignā viṣaṇṇā ca asmi.
sarvataḥ bhayadarśinī punaḥ tvām śaraṇam prāptā.

10. O night-dweller (niśācara), I am frightened, agitated, and despondent. Perceiving danger from all sides, I have once again come to you for refuge.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Used here to refer to the speaker, 'I'. (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• भीता (bhītā) - frightened, afraid

• समुद्विग्ना (samudvignā) - greatly disturbed, agitated, anxious

• विषण्णा (viṣaṇṇā) - dejected, despondent, sad

• च (ca) - and, also

• निशाचर (niśācara) - Used as a vocative, addressing a demon. (O night-ranger, O demon)

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection, shelter

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

• प्राप्ता (prāptā) - having reached, attained

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

• भयदर्शिनी (bhayadarśinī) - perceiving danger, seeing fear

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Used here to refer to the speaker, 'I'. (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

भीता (bhītā) - frightened, afraid

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, fearful, scared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhī' (to fear) with suffix 'ta'.

Root: bhī (class 3)

समुद्विग्ना (samudvignā) - greatly disturbed, agitated, anxious

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samudvigna

samudvigna - agitated, disturbed, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vij' (to tremble) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud', and suffix 'na'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: vij (class 6)

विषण्णा (viṣaṇṇā) - dejected, despondent, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, depressed, despondent, sad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sad' (to sink, despond) with prefix 'vi', and suffix 'na'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निशाचर (niśācara) - Used as a vocative, addressing a demon. (O night-ranger, O demon)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-goer, night-ranger, demon (Rākṣasa)

Compound type : Upapada-Tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, a mover
  adjective
  Derived from root 'car' (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection, shelter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, asylum

Root: śṛ (class 1)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

प्राप्ता (prāptā) - having reached, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, obtained, gained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'pra', and suffix 'ta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

(indeclinable)

भयदर्शिनी (bhayadarśinī) - perceiving danger, seeing fear

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhayadarśin

bhayadarśin - seeing danger, perceiving fear

Compound type : Upapada-Tatpurusha (bhaya+darśin)

• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, showing, revealing
  adjective
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

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