वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-111, verse-9

संप्रवृत्ता निशा सीते नक्षत्रसमलंकृता ।
ज्योत्स्ना प्रावरणश्चन्द्रो दृश्यते ऽभ्युदितो ऽम्बरे ॥९॥

9. saṃpravṛttā niśā sīte nakṣatrasamalaṃkṛtā ,
jyotsnā prāvaraṇaścandro dṛśyate'bhyudito'mbare.

9. sampravṛttā niśā sīte nakṣatrasamalankṛtā jyotsnā
prāvaraṇaḥ candraḥ dṛśyate abhyuditaḥ ambare

9. sīte niśā nakṣatrasamalankṛtā sampravṛttā
jyotsnāprāvaraṇaḥ candraḥ ambare abhyuditaḥ dṛśyate

9. O Sītā, the night has fully commenced, adorned with constellations. The moon, whose covering is moonlight, is seen risen in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• सम्प्रवृत्ता (sampravṛttā) - fully commenced, begun

• निशा (niśā) - night

• सीते (sīte) - O Sita

• नक्षत्रसमलन्कृता (nakṣatrasamalankṛtā) - adorned with constellations

• ज्योत्स्ना (jyotsnā) - moonlight

• प्रावरणः (prāvaraṇaḥ) - covering, cloak, garment

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen

• अभ्युदितः (abhyuditaḥ) - risen, ascended

• अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky

Words meanings and morphology

सम्प्रवृत्ता (sampravṛttā) - fully commenced, begun

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sampravṛtta

sampravṛtta - commenced, begun, originated

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn) with upasargas sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective for 'niśā'.

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: Subject of the first clause.

सीते (sīte) - O Sita

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rama)

नक्षत्रसमलन्कृता (nakṣatrasamalankṛtā) - adorned with constellations

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nakṣatrasamalankṛta

nakṣatrasamalankṛta - adorned/decorated with stars/constellations

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'nakṣatra' (star/constellation) and 'samalaṅkṛta' (well-decorated/adorned).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nakṣatra+samalaṅkṛta)

• nakṣatra – star, constellation
  noun (neuter)
• samalaṅkṛta – well-adorned, decorated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make) with upasargas sam- and alaṃ-.
  Prefixes: sam+alam
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'niśā'.

ज्योत्स्ना (jyotsnā) - moonlight

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jyotsnā

jyotsnā - moonlight, nocturnal light

From √jyut (to shine)

Root: √jyut (class 1)

Note: Here, forms part of the compound 'jyotsnāprāvaraṇaḥ'.

प्रावरणः (prāvaraṇaḥ) - covering, cloak, garment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāvaraṇa

prāvaraṇa - covering, cloak, garment

From pra-√vṛ (to cover) + -ana suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

Note: Forms a Bahuvrīhi compound with 'jyotsnā' (jyotsnā prāvaraṇaḥ = "he whose covering is moonlight").

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, bright, shining

From √cand (to shine)

Root: √cand (class 1)

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

present passive

From √dṛś (to see), passive voice, ātmanepada.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

अभ्युदितः (abhyuditaḥ) - risen, ascended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyudita

abhyudita - risen, ascended, appeared

Past Passive Participle

From √i (to go) with upasargas abhi- and ud-.

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: √i (class 2)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective for 'candraḥ'.

अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, cloth, garment