वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-67, verse-2

ते राजवचनाद्दूता राजवेश्मप्रवेशिताः ।
ददृशुर्देवसंकाशं वृद्धं दशरथं नृपम् ॥२॥

2. te rājavacanāddūtā rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ ,
dadṛśurdevasaṃkāśaṃ vṛddhaṃ daśarathaṃ nṛpam.

2. te rājavacanāt dūtāḥ rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ
dadṛśuḥ devasaṃkāśam vṛddham daśaratham nṛpam

2. te dūtāḥ rājavacanāt rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ
devasaṃkāśam vṛddham nṛpam daśaratham dadṛśuḥ

2. Those messengers, by the king's command, were brought into the royal palace. There they beheld the aged King Daśaratha, who resembled a god.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (the messengers) (those; they)

• राजवचनात् (rājavacanāt) - by the king's command (from the king's word; by the king's command)

• दूताः (dūtāḥ) - the messengers (messengers; envoys)

• राजवेश्मप्रवेशिताः (rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ) - brought into the royal palace (made to enter the royal palace; brought into the king's dwelling)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they beheld (they saw; they beheld)

• देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - resembling a god (god-like; resembling a deity)

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged (aged; old; grown; increased)

• दशरथम् (daśaratham) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (the king; the ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (the messengers) (those; they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that; those

Note: Subject.

राजवचनात् (rājavacanāt) - by the king's command (from the king's word; by the king's command)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rājavacana

rājavacana - king's word; royal command

Tatpurusha compound: rājan (king) + vacana (word/command)

Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (rājan+vacana)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• vacana – word, speech, command
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means or reason for being ushered in.

दूताः (dūtāḥ) - the messengers (messengers; envoys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dūta

dūta - messenger; envoy; ambassador

Derived from root √du (to go, move quickly)

Root: du (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'dadṛśuḥ', also agrees with 'te' and 'rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ'.

राजवेश्मप्रवेशिताः (rājaveśmapraveśitāḥ) - brought into the royal palace (made to enter the royal palace; brought into the king's dwelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaveśmapraveśita

rājaveśmapraveśita - made to enter the royal palace; brought into the king's dwelling

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

Compound: rājaveśma (royal abode) + praveśita (caused to enter). From √viś with pra and causative suffix.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājan+veśman+praveśita)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• veśman – house, dwelling, palace
  noun (neuter)
• praveśita – caused to enter, introduced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (Causative)
  Derived from pra + √viś (to enter) with causative (-i) and past passive participle (-ta) suffixes
  Prefix: pra
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Describes the state of the messengers.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they beheld (they saw; they beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dadṛśu

Perfect tense, irregular form

Irregular perfect tense of √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - resembling a god (god-like; resembling a deity)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devasaṃkāśa

devasaṁkāśa - god-like; resembling a deity; appearing like a god

Tatpurusha compound: deva (god) + saṃkāśa (resembling)

Compound type : Upamāna Pūrva pada Karmadhāraya (deva+saṃkāśa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like, appearing as
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Describes King Daśaratha.

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged (aged; old; grown; increased)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - aged; old; grown; increased; wise

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Describes King Daśaratha.

दशरथम् (daśaratham) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (name of a king)

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (the king; the ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king; ruler; protector of men

compound nṛ (man) + pa (protector from √pā)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appositive to 'daśaratham'.