वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-67, verse-1

जनकेन समादिष्टा दूतास्ते क्लान्तवाहनाः ।
त्रिरात्रमुषित्वा मार्गे ते ऽयोध्यां प्राविशन्पुरीम् ॥१॥

1. janakena samādiṣṭā dūtāste klāntavāhanāḥ ,
trirātramuṣitvā mārge te'yodhyāṃ prāviśanpurīm.

1. janakena samādiṣṭāḥ dūtāḥ te klāntavāhanāḥ
trirātram uṣitvā mārge te ayodhyām prāviśan purīm

1. janakena samādiṣṭāḥ klāntavāhanāḥ te dūtāḥ mārge
trirātram uṣitvā te ayodhyām purīm prāviśan

1. Those messengers, dispatched by Janaka, whose mounts were weary, having sojourned for three nights on the road, entered the city of Ayodhyā.

Words meanings summery:

• जनकेन (janakena) - by King Janaka (by Janaka; by the father)

• समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded; dispatched (commanded; ordered; dispatched)

• दूताः (dūtāḥ) - the messengers (messengers; envoys)

• ते (te) - those (messengers) (those; they)

• क्लान्तवाहनाः (klāntavāhanāḥ) - having weary mounts (horses) (having weary mounts; whose vehicles are tired)

• त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights (for three nights; a period of three nights)

• उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having sojourned (having stayed; having dwelt; having sojourned)

• मार्गे (mārge) - on the road (on the path; on the road; in the way)

• ते (te) - they (the messengers) (those; they)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to the city of Ayodhyā (to Ayodhyā)

• प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered (they entered; they went into)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (Ayodhyā) (the city; the town)

Words meanings and morphology

जनकेन (janakena) - by King Janaka (by Janaka; by the father)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - father; progenitor; Janaka (proper name)

Derived from root √jan (to be born, produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'samādiṣṭāḥ'.

समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded; dispatched (commanded; ordered; dispatched)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samādiṣṭa

samādiṣṭa - commanded; ordered; instructed; dispatched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix sam-ā + root √diś (to point out, direct)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: In agreement with 'dūtāḥ'.

दूताः (dūtāḥ) - the messengers (messengers; envoys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dūta

dūta - messenger; envoy; ambassador

Derived from root √du (to go, move quickly)

Root: du (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ते (te) - those (messengers) (those; they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that; those

Note: Refers to 'dūtāḥ'.

क्लान्तवाहनाः (klāntavāhanāḥ) - having weary mounts (horses) (having weary mounts; whose vehicles are tired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of klāntavāhana

klāntavāhana - having weary mounts; whose vehicles (vāhana) are tired (klānta)

Bahuvrīhi compound: klānta (weary) + vāhana (mount)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (klānta+vāhana)

• klānta – weary, tired, fatigued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √klam (to be weary)
  Root: klam (class 4)
• vāhana – vehicle, mount, conveyance
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √vah (to carry, convey)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Describes the condition of the messengers.

त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights (for three nights; a period of three nights)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trirātra

trirātra - a period of three nights

Dvigu compound: tri (three) + rātra (night)

Compound type : Dvigu (tri+rātra)

• tri – three
  numeral
• rātra – night (often refers to a day-night cycle in compounds)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Duration of stay.

उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having sojourned (having stayed; having dwelt; having sojourned)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √vas (to dwell, reside)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of entering.

मार्गे (mārge) - on the road (on the path; on the road; in the way)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - road; path; way; track

Derived from root √mṛj (to clean, to follow)

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Place where they stayed.

ते (te) - they (the messengers) (those; they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that; those

Note: Subject of 'prāviśan'.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to the city of Ayodhyā (to Ayodhyā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (name of a city)

Note: Destination of entry.

प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered (they entered; they went into)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of praveśa

Imperfect tense

Derived from prefix pra + root √viś (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (Ayodhyā) (the city; the town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city; town; fortress

Note: Appositive to 'ayodhyām'.