वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-60, verse-8

प्रायश्चित्तं महद्ध्येतन्नरं वा पुरुषर्षभ ।
आनयस्व पशुं शीघ्रं यावत् कर्म प्रवर्तते ॥८॥

8. prāyaścittaṃ mahaddhyetannaraṃ vā puruṣarṣabha ,
ānayasva paśuṃ śīghraṃ yāvat karma pravartate.

8. prāyaścittam mahat hi etat naram vā puruṣarṣabha
ānayasva paśum śīghram yāvat karma pravartate

8. puruṣarṣabha etat hi mahat prāyaścittam vā naram
ānayasva paśum śīghram yāvat karma pravartate

8. "This (loss) indeed requires a great expiation, or (failing that, you must provide) a man, O best of men! Bring the sacrificial animal quickly, while the ritual (karma) is still in progress."

Words meanings summery:

• प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (for the lost animal) (expiation, penance, atonement)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the necessity for expiation/man) (this)

• नरम् (naram) - a man (as an alternative offering or substitute) (man, person)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men! (vocative address to the king) (O best of men! O foremost among men!)

• आनयस्व (ānayasva) - bring (bring, fetch)

• पशुम् (paśum) - the sacrificial animal (animal, sacrificial animal)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, while (as long as, as far as, until)

• कर्म (karma) - the ritual (karma), sacrificial rite (action, deed, ritual (karma))

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - is in progress, proceeds (proceeds, goes on, begins)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation (for the lost animal) (expiation, penance, atonement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta

prāyaścitta - expiation, penance, atonement

Prefixes: prā+ac

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: The subject of the implied verb 'is'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Qualifies 'prāyaścittam'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the necessity for expiation/man) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the situation.

नरम् (naram) - a man (as an alternative offering or substitute) (man, person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male

Note: Object of implied 'give' or 'provide'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'prāyaścittam' and 'naram'.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men! (vocative address to the king) (O best of men! O foremost among men!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative singular.

आनयस्व (ānayasva) - bring (bring, fetch)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of nī

Imperative Middle

Imperative tense (loṭ-lakāra), 2nd person singular, middle voice with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Command addressed to the king.

पशुम् (paśum) - the sacrificial animal (animal, sacrificial animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paśu

paśu - animal, sacrificial animal, cattle

Note: Object of 'ānayasva'.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, while (as long as, as far as, until)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a temporal clause.

कर्म (karma) - the ritual (karma), sacrificial rite (action, deed, ritual (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

Derived from root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'pravartate'.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - is in progress, proceeds (proceeds, goes on, begins)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle

Present tense (laṭ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, middle voice with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)