वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-60, verse-4

एवमुक्त्वा महातेजाः पुष्करेषु महामुनिः ।
तप उग्रं दुराधर्षं तेपे मूलफलाशनः ॥४॥

4. evamuktvā mahātejāḥ puṣkareṣu mahāmuniḥ ,
tapa ugraṃ durādharṣaṃ tepe mūlaphalāśanaḥ.

4. evam uktvā mahātejāḥ puṣkareṣu mahāmuniḥ
tapaḥ ugram durādharṣam tepe mūlaphalāśanaḥ

4. evam uktvā,
mahātejāḥ mahāmuniḥ mūlaphalāśanaḥ puṣkareṣu ugram durādharṣam tapaḥ tepe

4. Having spoken thus, the great-resplendent (mahātejāḥ) great sage (mahāmuniḥ), subsisting only on roots and fruits, performed severe and irresistible penance (tapas) at Puṣkara.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the great-resplendent (mahātejāḥ) (greatly resplendent, of great energy)

• पुष्करेषु (puṣkareṣu) - at Puṣkara (in Puṣkara, in lotus ponds)

• महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - the great sage (mahāmuniḥ) (great sage, great ascetic)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas) (penance, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor)

• उग्रम् (ugram) - severe (severe, fierce, terrible)

• दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - irresistible (irresistible, difficult to overcome)

• तेपे (tepe) - performed (he performed (penance), he underwent (austerity))

• मूलफलाशनः (mūlaphalāśanaḥ) - subsisting on roots and fruits (one who subsists on roots and fruits)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √vac (to speak), with irregular past participle stem 'ukta'

Root: vac (class 2)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the great-resplendent (mahātejāḥ) (greatly resplendent, of great energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - of great splendor, very energetic, greatly resplendent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāmuniḥ'

पुष्करेषु (puṣkareṣu) - at Puṣkara (in Puṣkara, in lotus ponds)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, blue lotus; water; sky; name of a sacred lake/region (Pushkar)

Note: Refers to the sacred place Puṣkara

महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - the great sage (mahāmuniḥ) (great sage, great ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, eminent ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, holy man, inspired teacher
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas) (penance, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, asceticism, heat, spiritual fervor

Note: Object of 'tepe'

उग्रम् (ugram) - severe (severe, fierce, terrible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, terrible, mighty, potent

Note: Qualifies 'tapaḥ'

दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - irresistible (irresistible, difficult to overcome)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durādharṣa

durādharṣa - difficult to be attacked, irresistible, unconquerable

Gerundive

From dur-ā-√dhṛṣ (to dare against, attack), implying difficulty

Prefixes: dur+ā

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'tapaḥ'

तेपे (tepe) - performed (he performed (penance), he underwent (austerity))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of tap

Root verb, class 1 or 4

Root: tap (class 1)

मूलफलाशनः (mūlaphalāśanaḥ) - subsisting on roots and fruits (one who subsists on roots and fruits)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūlaphalāśana

mūlaphalāśana - eating roots and fruits, subsisting on roots and fruits

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (mūla+phala+aśana)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• aśana – eating, food, meal
  noun (neuter)
  From √aś (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāmuniḥ'