वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-34, verse-16

ददौ धर्मेण हिमवांस्तनयां लोकपावनीम् ।
स्वच्छन्दपथगां गङ्गां त्रैलोक्यहितकाम्यया ॥१६॥

16. dadau dharmeṇa himavāṃstanayāṃ lokapāvanīm ,
svacchandapathagāṃ gaṅgāṃ trailokyahitakāmyayā.

16. dadau dharmeṇa himavān tanayām lokapāvanīm
svacchandapathagām gaṅgām trailokyahitakāmyayā

16. himavān dharmeṇa trailokyahitakāmyayā lokapāvanīm
svacchandapathagām gaṅgām tanayām dadau

16. Himavat, in accordance with the intrinsic nature (dharma) of things, gave his daughter, Gaṅgā, the purifier of worlds and one who flows as she pleases, out of a desire for the welfare of the three worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• ददौ (dadau) - he gave

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with the intrinsic nature (dharma) (by (natural) law, by virtue, in accordance with duty)

• हिमवान् (himavān) - Himavat (the Himalayas)

• तनयाम् (tanayām) - daughter

• लोकपावनीम् (lokapāvanīm) - the purifier of worlds

• स्वच्छन्दपथगाम् (svacchandapathagām) - who goes as she pleases, flowing freely

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā

• त्रैलोक्यहितकाम्यया (trailokyahitakāmyayā) - out of a desire for the welfare of the three worlds

Words meanings and morphology

ददौ (dadau) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with the intrinsic nature (dharma) (by (natural) law, by virtue, in accordance with duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness

हिमवान् (himavān) - Himavat (the Himalayas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of himavat

himavat - Himavat (the Himalaya mountains, personified as a king), snowy

तनयाम् (tanayām) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tanayā

tanayā - daughter

लोकपावनीम् (lokapāvanīm) - the purifier of worlds

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of lokapāvanī

lokapāvanī - purifier of worlds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+pāvanī)

• loka – world, people
  noun (masculine)
• pāvanī – purifying, purifier (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  agent noun / adjective
  Derived from the root √pū (to purify)
  Root: pū (class 1)

स्वच्छन्दपथगाम् (svacchandapathagām) - who goes as she pleases, flowing freely

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of svacchandapathagā

svacchandapathagā - going by one's own will, flowing freely

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+chanda+patha+gā)

• sva – own
  pronoun
• chanda – will, desire, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)
• gā – going, moving (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from the root √gam (to go) + suffix -a, then feminized
  Root: gam (class 1)

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā, the goddess Gaṅgā

त्रैलोक्यहितकाम्यया (trailokyahitakāmyayā) - out of a desire for the welfare of the three worlds

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of trailokyahitakāmyā

trailokyahitakāmyā - desire for the welfare of the three worlds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trailokya+hita+kāmyā)

• trailokya – the three worlds
  noun (neuter)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dhā (to place, put), meaning 'placed, suitable, beneficial'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, longing
  noun (feminine)
  From root √kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)