वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-33, verse-1

कृतोद्वाहे गते तस्मिन्ब्रह्मदत्ते च राघव ।
अपुत्रः पुत्रलाभाय पौत्रीमिष्टिमकल्पयत् ॥१॥

1. kṛtodvāhe gate tasminbrahmadatte ca rāghava ,
aputraḥ putralābhāya pautrīmiṣṭimakalpayat.

1. kṛtodvāhe gate tasmin brahmadatte ca rāghava
aputraḥ putralābhāya pautrīm iṣṭim akalpayat

1. rāghava ca tasmin brahmadatte kṛtodvāhe gate
aputraḥ putralābhāya pautrīm iṣṭim akalpayat

1. O Rāghava, after Brahmadatta had departed, having concluded his marriage, (Kuśanābha), being childless, performed a sacrifice to obtain a grandson.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतोद्वाहे (kṛtodvāhe) - when Brahmadatta had concluded his marriage (when the marriage was performed, in the one who married)

• गते (gate) - gone, departed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, on that

• ब्रह्मदत्ते (brahmadatte) - Brahmadatta (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (the narrator's address to the listener) (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

• अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - King Kuśanābha, who had no male heir (childless, sonless)

• पुत्रलाभाय (putralābhāya) - for obtaining a male heir (specifically a grandson as he's performing a `pautrīm iṣṭim`) (for the obtaining of a son, for the gain of a son)

• पौत्रीम् (pautrīm) - intended for a grandson (to be born) (relating to a grandson/granddaughter, for a grandson/granddaughter)

• इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - a Vedic sacrifice/ritual (sacrifice, offering, wish, desire)

• अकल्पयत् (akalpayat) - performed a sacrifice (performed, arranged, created, devised)

Words meanings and morphology

कृतोद्वाहे (kṛtodvāhe) - when Brahmadatta had concluded his marriage (when the marriage was performed, in the one who married)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtodvāha

kṛtodvāha - one who has performed marriage, married

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+udvāha)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• udvāha – marriage, wedding
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud

Note: Locative absolute construction with `gate` and `tasmin brahmadatte`.

गते (gate) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix -ta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `tasmin brahmadatte` and `kṛtodvāhe`.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

ब्रह्मदत्ते (brahmadatte) - Brahmadatta (proper name)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmadatta

brahmadatta - given by Brahma; Brahmadatta (name of a king)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (the narrator's address to the listener) (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; Rāma

Note: Direct address to Rāma.

अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - King Kuśanābha, who had no male heir (childless, sonless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aputra

aputra - childless, sonless, without offspring

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+putra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Kuśanābha.

पुत्रलाभाय (putralābhāya) - for obtaining a male heir (specifically a grandson as he's performing a `pautrīm iṣṭim`) (for the obtaining of a son, for the gain of a son)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of putralābha

putralābha - gain of a son, obtaining a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+lābha)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• lābha – gain, acquisition, obtaining
  noun (masculine)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

पौत्रीम् (pautrīm) - intended for a grandson (to be born) (relating to a grandson/granddaughter, for a grandson/granddaughter)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pautra

pautra - grandson, descendant

Derived from putra (son) via vriddhi

Note: Agrees with `iṣṭim`.

इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - a Vedic sacrifice/ritual (sacrifice, offering, wish, desire)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - sacrifice, offering, wish, desire

From root yaj (to sacrifice)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of `akalpayat`.

अकल्पयत् (akalpayat) - performed a sacrifice (performed, arranged, created, devised)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kḷp

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: From causative of `kḷp`.