वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-25, verse-8

तं शब्दमभिनिध्याय राक्षसी क्रोधमूर्छिता ।
श्रुत्वा चाभ्यद्रवद्वेगाद् यतः शब्दो विनिःसृतः ॥८॥

8. taṃ śabdamabhinidhyāya rākṣasī krodhamūrchitā ,
śrutvā cābhyadravadvegād yataḥ śabdo viniḥsṛtaḥ.

8. tam śabdam abhini-dhyāya rākṣasī krodha-mūrcitā
śrutvā ca abhi-adravat vegāt yataḥ śabdaḥ viniḥsṛtaḥ

8. krodha-mūrcitā rākṣasī tam śabdam abhini-dhyāya ca
śrutvā vegāt yataḥ śabdaḥ viniḥsṛtaḥ abhi-adravat

8. Overwhelmed by rage, the demoness, having heard and identified that sound, swiftly rushed from where the sound had emanated.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - That (specific sound). (that)

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - The twang of the bowstring. (sound)

• अभिनि-ध्याय (abhini-dhyāya) - Having identified and understood (the sound). (having considered, having meditated upon, having identified)

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - The demoness Taṭakā. (demoness)

• क्रोध-मूर्चिता (krodha-mūrcitā) - Incapacitated or spurred by intense anger. (fainted from anger, overwhelmed by anger)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Having heard (the sound). (having heard)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभि-अद्रवत् (abhi-adravat) - she ran towards, she rushed upon

• वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, swiftly, quickly

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, whence

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - The twang of the bowstring. (sound)

• विनिःसृतः (viniḥsṛtaḥ) - emanated, issued forth, originated

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - That (specific sound). (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `abhini-dhyāya`.

शब्दम् (śabdam) - The twang of the bowstring. (sound)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Root: śabd (class 10)

अभिनि-ध्याय (abhini-dhyāya) - Having identified and understood (the sound). (having considered, having meditated upon, having identified)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with prefixes.

From `abhi-` + `ni-` + root `dhyā` + suffix `-ya` (for prefixed verbs).

Prefixes: abhi+ni

Root: dhyā (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding `abhi-adravat`.

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - The demoness Taṭakā. (demoness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - demoness, female demon

Feminine form of `rākṣasa` (demon).

Note: Refers to Taṭakā.

क्रोध-मूर्चिता (krodha-mūrcitā) - Incapacitated or spurred by intense anger. (fainted from anger, overwhelmed by anger)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of krodha-mūrcita

krodha-mūrcita - overcome with anger, fainting from anger

Past Passive Participle (as part of compound).

Compound: `krodha` (anger) + `mūrcita` (fainted/stupefied).

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+mūrcita)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• mūrcita – fainted, stupefied, bewildered, unconscious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mūrcch` (to faint, thicken).
  Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the demoness.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Having heard (the sound). (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund).

From root `śru` + suffix `-tvā`.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अभि-अद्रवत् (abhi-adravat) - she ran towards, she rushed upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect (Laṅ) with prefix.

From `abhi-` (prefix) + root `dru` (to run). 3rd person singular active imperfect form. The `a` in `adravat` is augment for imperfect tense.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, swiftly, quickly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

From root `vij` (to move rapidly).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Describes the manner of running.

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, whence

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Indicates the origin of the sound.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - The twang of the bowstring. (sound)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Root: śabd (class 10)

विनिःसृतः (viniḥsṛtaḥ) - emanated, issued forth, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniḥsṛta

viniḥsṛta - issued forth, departed, emanated, originated

Past Passive Participle.

From `vi-` + `nis-` (prefixes) + root `sṛ` (to flow, move) + suffix `-ta`.

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Describes the sound.