वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-25, verse-20

एवमुक्त्वा सुराः सर्वे हृष्टा जग्मुर्यथागतम् ।
विश्वामित्रं पूजयित्वा ततः संध्या प्रवर्तते ॥२०॥

20. evamuktvā surāḥ sarve hṛṣṭā jagmuryathāgatam ,
viśvāmitraṃ pūjayitvā tataḥ saṃdhyā pravartate.

20. evam uktvā surāḥ sarve hṛṣṭā jagmuḥ yathāgatam
viśvāmitram pūjayitvā tataḥ sandhyā pravartate

20. evam uktvā sarve surāḥ hṛṣṭāḥ yathāgatam jagmuḥ
viśvāmitram pūjayitvā tataḥ sandhyā pravartate

20. Having spoken thus, all the gods, delighted, departed the way they had come. After honoring Vishwamitra, the evening (sandhyā) twilight then began.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (as just stated) (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (these words) (having spoken, having said)

• सुराः (surāḥ) - the gods (who spoke to Vishwamitra) (gods, deities)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the gods) (all, every)

• हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted (by Vishwamitra's deeds) (pleased, delighted, joyful)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they returned (they went)

• यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - back the way they came (as they came, in the manner they came)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - the sage Vishwamitra (Vishwamitra)

• पूजयित्वा (pūjayitvā) - after honoring (Vishwamitra) (having worshipped, having honored)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, from that)

• सन्ध्या (sandhyā) - the evening twilight (twilight, evening, conjunction (of day and night))

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - begins, sets in (begins, proceeds, occurs)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (as just stated) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'uktvā'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (these words) (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Ktvā)

Derived from √vac (to speak) with suffix -tvā. The root changes to uk-.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

सुराः (surāḥ) - the gods (who spoke to Vishwamitra) (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Subject of 'jagmuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the gods) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'surāḥ'.

हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted (by Vishwamitra's deeds) (pleased, delighted, joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - pleased, glad, joyful, excited

Past Passive Participle

From √hṛṣ (to rejoice, be glad)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'surāḥ'.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they returned (they went)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person plural of √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'surāḥ'.

यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - back the way they came (as they came, in the manner they came)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable compound: yathā (as) + āgata (come, PPP of ā-√gam).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgata)

• yathā – as, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• āgata – come, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā-√gam (to come)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'jagmuḥ'.

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - the sage Vishwamitra (Vishwamitra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - friend of all, name of a celebrated sage

Compound: viśva (all) + mitra (friend)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, universal
  adjective
• mitra – friend, companion, ally
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'pūjayitvā'.

पूजयित्वा (pūjayitvā) - after honoring (Vishwamitra) (having worshipped, having honored)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Ktvā)

Derived from the causative stem of √pūj (to honor) with suffix -itvā.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

सन्ध्या (sandhyā) - the evening twilight (twilight, evening, conjunction (of day and night))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - conjunction, twilight (dawn or dusk), transition time, evening

From sam-√dhā (to join together).

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'pravartate'.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - begins, sets in (begins, proceeds, occurs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present tense, Middle voice

Present 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada, with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The action of 'sandhyā'.