मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-30, verse-24
सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां बान्धवो नृपतिर्यतः ।
एतास्ते कथिता वत्स नित्यनैमित्तकास्तथा ॥२४॥
एतास्ते कथिता वत्स नित्यनैमित्तकास्तथा ॥२४॥
24. sarveṣāmeva varṇānāṃ bāndhavo nṛpatiryataḥ .
etāste kathitā vatsa nityanaimittakāstathā.
etāste kathitā vatsa nityanaimittakāstathā.
24.
sarveṣām eva varṇānām bāndhavaḥ nṛpatiḥ yataḥ
etāḥ te kathitāḥ vatsa nityanaimittikāḥ tathā
etāḥ te kathitāḥ vatsa nityanaimittikāḥ tathā
24.
Because the king is indeed the kinsman of all social classes, O child, these daily (nitya) and occasional (naimittika) rites have thus been explained to you.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all social classes (of all)
- एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
- वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (of the castes, of the colors)
- बान्धवः (bāndhavaḥ) - kinsman (kinsman, relative)
- नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king)
- यतः (yataḥ) - because (because, since, from which)
- एताः (etāḥ) - these (rites) (these (feminine plural))
- ते (te) - to you (O child) (to you (singular, dative/genitive))
- कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - have been explained (told, spoken, related)
- वत्स (vatsa) - O child / dear one (vocative) (child, dear one)
- नित्यनैमित्तिकाः (nityanaimittikāḥ) - the daily (nitya) and occasional (naimittika) (rites) (daily and occasional (rites))
- तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, also)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all social classes (of all)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Pronominal adjective
Note: Agrees with varṇānām.
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (of the castes, of the colors)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - color, caste, social class, letter, quality
Root: vṛ (class 5)
बान्धवः (bāndhavaḥ) - kinsman (kinsman, relative)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bāndhava
bāndhava - kinsman, relative, friend
Derived from bandhu (relation).
Root: bandh (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for nṛpatiḥ.
नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati
nṛpati - king, ruler
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)
- nṛ – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
यतः (yataḥ) - because (because, since, from which)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial derivative from ya (which).
Note: Causal conjunction.
एताः (etāḥ) - these (rites) (these (feminine plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of etad
etad - this
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to kriyāḥ (rites).
ते (te) - to you (O child) (to you (singular, dative/genitive))
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of tvad
tvad - you (singular)
2nd person pronoun.
कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - have been explained (told, spoken, related)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of kathita
kathita - told, spoken, related, said
Past Passive Participle
From root kath (to tell).
Root: kath (class 10)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with an implied 'are'.
वत्स (vatsa) - O child / dear one (vocative) (child, dear one)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa
vatsa - calf, child, dear one
नित्यनैमित्तिकाः (nityanaimittikāḥ) - the daily (nitya) and occasional (naimittika) (rites) (daily and occasional (rites))
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of nityanaimittika
nityanaimittika - daily and occasional, constant and incidental
A dvandva compound of nitya and naimittika.
Compound type : dvandva (nitya+naimittika)
- nitya – constant, eternal, regular, daily
adjective (masculine) - naimittika – occasional, incidental, caused by an occasion
adjective (masculine)
Derived from nimitta (occasion, cause).
Note: Agrees with implied kriyāḥ.
तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, also)
(indeclinable)
Adverb.