महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-61, verse-8

एवं ब्रुवाणं पुनराद्रवन्तमास्वाद्य वल्गन्तमतिप्रहृष्टम् ।
ये भीमसेनं ददृशुस्तदानीं भयेन तेऽपि व्यथिता निपेतुः ॥८॥

8. evaṁ bruvāṇaṁ punarādravanta;māsvādya valgantamatiprahṛṣṭam ,
ye bhīmasenaṁ dadṛśustadānīṁ; bhayena te'pi vyathitā nipetuḥ.

8. evam bruvāṇam punaḥ ādravantam
āsvādya valgantam atiprahṛṣṭam
ye bhīmasenam dadṛśuḥ tadānīm
bhayena te api vyathitāḥ nipetuḥ

8. ye tadānīm evam bruvāṇam punaḥ
ādravantam āsvādya valgantam
atiprahṛṣṭam bhīmasenam dadṛśuḥ te
api bhayena vyathitāḥ nipetuḥ

8. Those who at that time saw Bhīmasena, speaking thus, rushing forward again, having tasted (blood), leaping, and exceedingly delighted, even they fell down, distressed by fear.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, saying

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• आद्रवन्तम् (ādravantam) - rushing towards, attacking

• आस्वाद्य (āsvādya) - having tasted, having enjoyed

• वल्गन्तम् (valgantam) - leaping, jumping, strutting

• अतिप्रहृष्टम् (atiprahṛṣṭam) - exceedingly delighted, very joyful

• ये (ye) - those who

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

• भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

• ते (te) - they

• अपि (api) - also, even

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, agitated, troubled

• निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root √brū (to speak) with -āṇa suffix.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Bhīmasena.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

आद्रवन्तम् (ādravantam) - rushing towards, attacking

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādravant

ādravant - rushing towards, attacking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √dru (to run) with upasarga ā- and -ant suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhīmasena.

आस्वाद्य (āsvādya) - having tasted, having enjoyed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √svād (to taste) with upasarga ā- and -ya suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: svād (class 10)

वल्गन्तम् (valgantam) - leaping, jumping, strutting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of valgant

valgant - leaping, jumping, prancing, strutting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √valg (to jump, leap) with -ant suffix.

Root: valg (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhīmasena.

अतिप्रहृष्टम् (atiprahṛṣṭam) - exceedingly delighted, very joyful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atiprahṛṣṭa

atiprahṛṣṭa - exceedingly delighted, very joyful, highly pleased

Compound of ati (very, excessively) and prahṛṣṭa (delighted). Prahṛṣṭa is a past passive participle of √hṛṣ with pra-.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+prahṛṣṭa)

• ati – excessively, very, over
  indeclinable
• prahṛṣṭa – delighted, joyful, thrilled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √hṛṣ (to be excited, joyful) with upasarga pra- and -ta suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Bhīmasena.

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Object of "dadṛśuḥ".

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Root √dṛś (to see), third person plural perfect active.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb for "ye".

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Note: Indicates cause.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers back to "ye".

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that even they fell.

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, agitated, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, troubled, perturbed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vyath (to waver, tremble, be distressed) with -ta suffix.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "te".

निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect Active

Root √pat (to fall) with upasarga ni-, third person plural perfect active.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb for "te".

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