महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-61, verse-10

ये तत्र भीमं ददृशुः समन्ताद्दौःशासनं तद्रुधिरं पिबन्तम् ।
सर्वे पलायन्त भयाभिपन्ना नायं मनुष्य इति भाषमाणाः ॥१०॥

10. ye tatra bhīmaṁ dadṛśuḥ samantā;ddauḥśāsanaṁ tadrudhiraṁ pibantam ,
sarve palāyanta bhayābhipannā; nāyaṁ manuṣya iti bhāṣamāṇāḥ.

10. ye tatra bhīmam dadṛśuḥ samantāt
dauḥśāsanam tat rudhiram pibantam
sarve palāyanta bhayābhipannāḥ
na ayam manuṣyaḥ iti bhāṣamāṇāḥ

10. ye tatra samantāt dauḥśāsanam tat
rudhiram pibantam bhīmam dadṛśuḥ
bhayābhipannāḥ sarve na ayam
manuṣyaḥ iti bhāṣamāṇāḥ palāyanta

10. Those who saw Bhīma there, from all sides, drinking the blood of Duḥśāsana, all fled, overcome by fear, saying, "This is not a human being!"

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

• दौःशासनम् (dauḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• तत् (tat) - his (that)

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

• पिबन्तम् (pibantam) - drinking

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• पलायन्त (palāyanta) - they fled, they ran away

• भयाभिपन्नाः (bhayābhipannāḥ) - overcome by fear, seized by fear

• न (na) - not

• अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

• मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - a human being

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• भाषमाणाः (bhāṣamāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas); dreadful, terrible

Note: Object of "dadṛśuḥ".

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Root √dṛś (to see), third person plural perfect active.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb for "ye".

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

दौःशासनम् (dauḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dauḥśāsana

dauḥśāsana - son of Duḥśāsana; relating to Duḥśāsana

Patronymic from Duḥśāsana.

Note: Object of "pibantam".

तत् (tat) - his (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Adjective to "rudhiram".

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood, red

Note: Object of "pibantam".

पिबन्तम् (pibantam) - drinking

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pibant

pibant - drinking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pā (to drink) with -ant suffix (root shows strengthening piba-).

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "bhīmam".

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Subject of "palāyanta".

पलायन्त (palāyanta) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of lā

Imperfect Middle

Root √lā with upasarga parā- (variant palā-), third person plural imperfect middle. Alternatively, root √palāy (to flee) is a common form.

Prefix: parā

Root: lā (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

भयाभिपन्नाः (bhayābhipannāḥ) - overcome by fear, seized by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayābhipanna

bhayābhipanna - overcome by fear, struck with terror

Tatpuruṣa compound: bhaya (fear) + abhipanna (overcome, seized). Abhipanna is a past passive participle of √pad with abhi-.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+abhipanna)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• abhipanna – overcome, fallen into, seized
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √pad (to go, fall) with upasarga abhi- and -na suffix (irregular).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies "sarve".

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the quoted statement.

मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - a human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

Note: Predicate nominative for "ayam".

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech.

भाषमाणाः (bhāṣamāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāṣamāṇa

bhāṣamāṇa - speaking, saying, talking

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √bhāṣ (to speak) with -māṇa suffix.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "sarve".