महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-61, verse-13

द्यूतेन राज्यहरणमरण्ये वसतिश्च या ।
इष्वस्त्राणि च संग्रामेष्वसुखानि च वेश्मनि ॥१३॥

13. dyūtena rājyaharaṇamaraṇye vasatiśca yā ,
iṣvastrāṇi ca saṁgrāmeṣvasukhāni ca veśmani.

13. dyūtena rājyaharaṇam araṇye vasatiḥ ca yā
iṣvastrāṇi ca saṃgrāmeṣu asukhāni ca veśmani

13. yā dyūtena rājyaharaṇam ca araṇye vasatiḥ ca
saṃgrāmeṣu iṣvastrāṇi ca veśmani asukhāni

13. The loss of the kingdom through gambling, the dwelling in the forest, the arrows and weapons in battles, and the unhappiness in our home.

Words meanings summery:

• द्यूतेन (dyūtena) - by means of the rigged game of dice (by gambling, through a game of dice)

• राज्यहरणम् (rājyaharaṇam) - the forceful taking away of their kingdom (seizing of a kingdom, loss of sovereignty)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - during the exile in the forest (in the forest, in a wilderness)

• वसतिः (vasatiḥ) - the period of living in the forest (dwelling, residing, abode)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• या (yā) - which (refers to the enumerated sufferings) (which, what)

• इष्वस्त्राणि (iṣvastrāṇi) - the necessity of using arrows and weapons (in battle) (arrows and weapons, missiles)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संग्रामेषु (saṁgrāmeṣu) - during the warfare (in battles, in conflicts)

• असुखानि (asukhāni) - miseries and distress (unpleasant things, sorrows, unhappiness)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वेश्मनि (veśmani) - within the domestic life, even in supposed security (in the house, in the home)

Words meanings and morphology

द्यूतेन (dyūtena) - by means of the rigged game of dice (by gambling, through a game of dice)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice, dice-play

Past passive participle

Past passive participle of root div (to play, gamble), used as a noun.

Root: div (class 4)

राज्यहरणम् (rājyaharaṇam) - the forceful taking away of their kingdom (seizing of a kingdom, loss of sovereignty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājyaharaṇa

rājyaharaṇa - taking away a kingdom, usurpation of a kingdom

Tatpuruṣa compound of rājya (kingdom) and haraṇa (seizing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+haraṇa)

• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• haraṇa – taking away, seizing, abduction
  noun (neuter)
  nominalized action
  from root hṛ (to seize, carry) with suffix -ana
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of an implied verb.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - during the exile in the forest (in the forest, in a wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, jungle

वसतिः (vasatiḥ) - the period of living in the forest (dwelling, residing, abode)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasati

vasati - dwelling, residing, abode, residence

action noun

from root vas (to dwell) with suffix -ti

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of an implied verb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

या (yā) - which (refers to the enumerated sufferings) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

relative pronoun

Note: Refers to the collective suffering, implying 'that which was'.

इष्वस्त्राणि (iṣvastrāṇi) - the necessity of using arrows and weapons (in battle) (arrows and weapons, missiles)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of iṣvastra

iṣvastra - arrows and weapons, missile weapons

Dvandva compound of iṣu (arrow) and astra (weapon).

Compound type : dvandva (iṣu+astra)

• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• astra – weapon, missile, arrow
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of an implied verb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

संग्रामेषु (saṁgrāmeṣu) - during the warfare (in battles, in conflicts)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, encounter

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

असुखानि (asukhāni) - miseries and distress (unpleasant things, sorrows, unhappiness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of asukha

asukha - unpleasant, unhappy, sorrow, distress

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound (a-sukha = not happy)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sukha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of an implied verb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वेश्मनि (veśmani) - within the domestic life, even in supposed security (in the house, in the home)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, abode, home

Root: viś (class 6)