महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-61, verse-14
दुःखान्येतानि जानीमो न सुखानि कदाचन ।
धृतराष्ट्रस्य दौरात्म्यात्सपुत्रस्य सदा वयम् ॥१४॥
धृतराष्ट्रस्य दौरात्म्यात्सपुत्रस्य सदा वयम् ॥१४॥
14. duḥkhānyetāni jānīmo na sukhāni kadācana ,
dhṛtarāṣṭrasya daurātmyātsaputrasya sadā vayam.
dhṛtarāṣṭrasya daurātmyātsaputrasya sadā vayam.
14.
duḥkhāni etāni jānīmaḥ na sukhāni kadācana
dhṛtarāṣṭrasya daurātmyāt sa-putrasya sadā vayam
dhṛtarāṣṭrasya daurātmyāt sa-putrasya sadā vayam
14.
vayam sadā etāni duḥkhāni jānīmaḥ na sukhāni
kadācana dhṛtarāṣṭrasya sa-putrasya daurātmyāt
kadācana dhṛtarāṣṭrasya sa-putrasya daurātmyāt
14.
We have always experienced these sufferings and never any happiness, all due to the wickedness of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his sons.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - the hardships and miseries mentioned in the preceding verses (sufferings, pains, sorrows)
- एतानि (etāni) - these very sufferings (these, these things)
- जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we have known and experienced (we know, we recognize, we experience)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- सुखानि (sukhāni) - any moments of happiness or ease (happiness, joys, pleasures)
- कदाचन (kadācana) - at no time, never (ever, at any time, never (with negation))
- धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
- दौरात्म्यात् (daurātmyāt) - caused by the malicious disposition (from the wickedness, due to the evil nature)
- स-पुत्रस्य (sa-putrasya) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra along with his sons (the Kauravas) (of him with his sons, including his sons)
- सदा (sadā) - at all times (always, ever, constantly)
- वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas) (we)
Words meanings and morphology
दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - the hardships and miseries mentioned in the preceding verses (sufferings, pains, sorrows)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha
duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, unhappiness
Note: Refers to the list in previous verses.
एतानि (etāni) - these very sufferings (these, these things)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of etad
etad - this, these
demonstrative pronoun
Note: Agrees with duḥkhāni.
जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we have known and experienced (we know, we recognize, we experience)
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jñā
present active
9th class verb (śnā-vikaraṇa), present indicative, parasmaipada.
Root: jñā (class 9)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
negative particle
Note: Negates sukhāni and kadācana.
सुखानि (sukhāni) - any moments of happiness or ease (happiness, joys, pleasures)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sukha
sukha - happiness, pleasure, joy, ease
Note: Object of implied verb 'jānīmaḥ', negated by 'na'.
कदाचन (kadācana) - at no time, never (ever, at any time, never (with negation))
(indeclinable)
composed of kadā (when) and cana (an indefinite particle).
धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra
dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)
Literally 'he who holds the kingdom'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)
- dhṛta – held, supported
past passive participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root dhṛ (to hold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies daurātmyāt.
दौरात्म्यात् (daurātmyāt) - caused by the malicious disposition (from the wickedness, due to the evil nature)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of daurātmya
daurātmya - wickedness, evil nature, depravity
derived from durātman (evil-minded) with suffix -ya (forming abstract noun).
Note: Indicates the cause of suffering.
स-पुत्रस्य (sa-putrasya) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra along with his sons (the Kauravas) (of him with his sons, including his sons)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sa-putra
sa-putra - with sons, accompanied by sons
Compound formed with the prefix 'sa-' meaning 'together with'.
Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+putra)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable
prefix indicating 'together with' - putra – son, child
noun (masculine)
सदा (sadā) - at all times (always, ever, constantly)
(indeclinable)
adverb
Note: Modifies jānīmaḥ.
वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas) (we)
(pronoun)
Nominative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, we
1st person pronoun
Note: Subject of jānīmaḥ.