महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-61, verse-3

तयाहरद्दश धन्वन्तराणि दुःशासनं भीमसेनः प्रसह्य ।
तया हतः पतितो वेपमानो दुःशासनो गदया वेगवत्या ॥३॥

3. tayāharaddaśa dhanvantarāṇi; duḥśāsanaṁ bhīmasenaḥ prasahya ,
tayā hataḥ patito vepamāno; duḥśāsano gadayā vegavatyā.

3. tayā aharat daśa dhanvantarāṇi duḥśāsanam bhīmasenaḥ prasahya
tayā hataḥ patitaḥ vepamānaḥ duḥśāsanaḥ gadayā vegavatyā

3. bhīmasenaḥ prasahya tayā (gadayā)
daśa dhanvantarāṇi duḥśāsanam
aharat tayā vegavatyā gadayā
hataḥ duḥśāsanaḥ vepamānaḥ patitaḥ

3. With that (mace), Bhimasena forcibly drove Duḥśāsana back ten bow-lengths. Struck by that swift mace, Duḥśāsana fell, trembling.

Words meanings summery:

• तया (tayā) - by that (mace) (by that, with that)

• अहरत् (aharat) - he drove back (he carried off, he removed, he drove back)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• धन्वन्तराणि (dhanvantarāṇi) - bow-lengths, intervals of a bow

• दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

• प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly (forcibly, violently, having overcome)

• तया (tayā) - by that (mace) (by that, with that)

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck (struck, killed, wounded)

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped

• वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

• वेगवत्या (vegavatyā) - swift, powerful, speedy

Words meanings and morphology

तया (tayā) - by that (mace) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the mace (gadā).

अहरत् (aharat) - he drove back (he carried off, he removed, he drove back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of hṛ

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root hṛ (1st class) with prefix a- (augment for imperfect).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

धन्वन्तराणि (dhanvantarāṇi) - bow-lengths, intervals of a bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhanvantara

dhanvantara - interval of a bow, bow-length (a measure of distance)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+antara)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• antara – interval, space, difference
  noun (neuter)

दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - difficult to rule, hard to control; a proper name (Duḥśāsana)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, governing, teaching
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śās (class 2)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army; a proper name (Bhimasena)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly (forcibly, violently, having overcome)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root sah (1st class) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

तया (tayā) - by that (mace) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the mace (gadā).

हतः (hataḥ) - struck (struck, killed, wounded)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

han - to strike, hit, kill

past passive participle

Derived from root han (2nd class).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes duḥśāsanaḥ.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

pat - to fall, alight

past passive participle

Derived from root pat (1st class).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes duḥśāsanaḥ.

वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vepamāna

vep - to tremble, shake

present middle participle

Derived from root vep (1st class), middle voice.

Root: vep (class 1)

Note: Describes duḥśāsanaḥ.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - difficult to rule, hard to control; a proper name (Duḥśāsana)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, governing, teaching
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śās (class 2)

गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

वेगवत्या (vegavatyā) - swift, powerful, speedy

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vegavatī

vegavat - swift, powerful, impetuous

Feminine form of vegavat, suffix -vat signifying possession.