महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-42, verse-19

यो यो हि यतते भेत्तुं द्रोणानीकं तवाहितः ।
तं तं देववरप्राप्त्या सैन्धवः प्रत्यवारयत् ॥१९॥

19. yo yo hi yatate bhettuṁ droṇānīkaṁ tavāhitaḥ ,
taṁ taṁ devavaraprāptyā saindhavaḥ pratyavārayat.

19. yaḥ yaḥ hi yatate bhettum droṇānīkam tava ahitaḥ
tam tam devavaraprāptyā saindhavaḥ prati avārayat

19. hi yaḥ yaḥ tava ahitaḥ droṇānīkam bhettum yatate,
tam tam saindhavaḥ devavaraprāptyā prati avārayat

19. Whoever among your enemies indeed strives to penetrate Droṇa's army, Saindhava, by virtue of a boon obtained from the best of gods, repelled each such person.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, makes an effort

• भेत्तुम् (bhettum) - to break, to pierce, to penetrate

• द्रोणानीकम् (droṇānīkam) - Droṇa's army

• तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

• अहितः (ahitaḥ) - enemy, foe, harmful

• तम् (tam) - that one, him

• तम् (tam) - that one, him

• देववरप्राप्त्या (devavaraprāptyā) - by virtue of a boon obtained from Lord Shiva (by the obtainment of a boon from a god)

• सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (Saindhava)

• प्रति (prati) - against, towards, in return

• अवारयत् (avārayat) - he repelled, he obstructed, he warded off

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Used in a repetitive 'yo yo' construction to mean 'whoever' or 'each one who'.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Part of the 'yo yo' construction.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, makes an effort

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yat

Present Indicative

Present tense, ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Root: yat (class 1)

भेत्तुम् (bhettum) - to break, to pierce, to penetrate

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from root 'bhid'.

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Used as an object of 'yatate'.

द्रोणानीकम् (droṇānīkam) - Droṇa's army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of droṇānīka

droṇānīka - Droṇa's army, the army of Droṇa

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (droṇa+anīka)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a preceptor/warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, face, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the military formation commanded by Droṇa.

तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अहितः (ahitaḥ) - enemy, foe, harmful

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahita

ahita - unsuitable, unfriendly, enemy, foe

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a' + 'hita' (placed, beneficial). So, 'not beneficial'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, beneficial, good
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhā' (to place, to hold).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas and their allies.

तम् (tam) - that one, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ' and is used in a repetitive 'tam tam' construction.

तम् (tam) - that one, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Part of the 'tam tam' construction, emphasizing 'each one'.

देववरप्राप्त्या (devavaraprāptyā) - by virtue of a boon obtained from Lord Shiva (by the obtainment of a boon from a god)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of devavaraprāpti

devavaraprāpti - obtainment of a boon from a god

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (devavara+prāpti)

• devavara – boon from a god
  noun (masculine)
• prāpti – obtainment, acquisition, achievement
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (Saindhava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - relating to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu, Jayadratha (king of Sindhu)

Taddhita derivative from 'Sindhu'.

Note: Refers to Jayadratha.

प्रति (prati) - against, towards, in return

(indeclinable)

Note: Prepositional prefix to the verb 'avārayat'.

अवारयत् (avārayat) - he repelled, he obstructed, he warded off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

Imperfect (Causative)

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, causative form from root 'vṛ'. The 'a' at the beginning is the augment for the imperfect tense.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Together with 'prati', it forms 'pratyavārayat' meaning 'repelled'.