महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-64, verse-9
राजर्षीणामुदाराणामाहवेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ।
सर्वधर्मप्रधानानां त्वं गतिर्मधुसूदन ॥९॥
सर्वधर्मप्रधानानां त्वं गतिर्मधुसूदन ॥९॥
9. rājarṣīṇāmudārāṇāmāhaveṣvanivartinām ,
sarvadharmapradhānānāṁ tvaṁ gatirmadhusūdana.
sarvadharmapradhānānāṁ tvaṁ gatirmadhusūdana.
9.
rājṛṣīṇām udārāṇām āhaveṣu anivartinām
sarvadharma-pradhānānām tvam gatiḥ madhusūdana
sarvadharma-pradhānānām tvam gatiḥ madhusūdana
9.
madhusūdana tvam udārāṇām āhaveṣu anivartinām
sarvadharma-pradhānānām rājṛṣīṇām gatiḥ
sarvadharma-pradhānānām rājṛṣīṇām gatiḥ
9.
O Madhusūdana, you are the refuge for the generous royal sages who never retreat in battles and who are preeminent in all aspects of natural law (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजृषीणाम् (rājṛṣīṇām) - of the royal sages
- उदाराणाम् (udārāṇām) - of the generous, of the noble
- आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles, in conflicts
- अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the unretreating
- सर्वधर्म-प्रधानानाम् (sarvadharma-pradhānānām) - of those foremost in all natural law (dharma)
- त्वम् (tvam) - you
- गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, destination, path
- मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu)
Words meanings and morphology
राजृषीणाम् (rājṛṣīṇām) - of the royal sages
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of rājarṣi
rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage
Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)
- rājan – king, royal
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – sage, seer
noun (masculine)
उदाराणाम् (udārāṇām) - of the generous, of the noble
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of udāra
udāra - generous, noble, excellent, liberal
From ud- + √ṛ 'to go'
Prefix: ud
Root: ṛ
Note: Agrees with rājṛṣīṇām
आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles, in conflicts
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of āhava
āhava - battle, war, conflict
From ā- + √hū 'to call'
Prefix: ā
Root: hū
अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the unretreating
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin
anivartin - not turning back, not retreating, steadfast
Negation (a-) of nivartin (retreating); derived from ni-√vṛt
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - nivartin – retreating, returning
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun from ni-√vṛt 'to turn back'
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Agrees with rājṛṣīṇām
सर्वधर्म-प्रधानानाम् (sarvadharma-pradhānānām) - of those foremost in all natural law (dharma)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadharma-pradhāna
sarvadharma-pradhāna - preeminent in all aspects of natural law (dharma)
Compound meaning "foremost in all dharma"
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharma+pradhāna)
- sarva – all, every
adjective (masculine) - dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - pradhāna – chief, principal, foremost, main
adjective (masculine)
From pra- + √dhā 'to place'
Prefix: pra
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Agrees with rājṛṣīṇām
त्वम् (tvam) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Second person pronoun
गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, destination, path
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gati
gati - going, motion, path, refuge, resort, state
From √gam 'to go'
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for 'you (are) the refuge'
मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana
madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu)
Compound meaning "slayer of Madhu"
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)
- madhu – Madhu (name of a demon); honey, sweet
proper noun (masculine) - sūdana – slayer, destroyer
noun (masculine)
From √sūd 'to destroy'
Root: sūd (class 10)