महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-51, verse-5

घृणी कर्णः प्रमादी च आचार्यः स्थविरो गुरुः ।
समर्थो बलवान्पार्थो दृढधन्वा जितक्लमः ।
भवेत्सुतुमुलं युद्धं सर्वशोऽप्यपराजयः ॥५॥

5. ghṛṇī karṇaḥ pramādī ca ācāryaḥ sthaviro guruḥ ,
samartho balavānpārtho dṛḍhadhanvā jitaklamaḥ ,
bhavetsutumulaṁ yuddhaṁ sarvaśo'pyaparājayaḥ.

5. ghṛṇī karṇaḥ pramādī ca ācāryaḥ
sthaviraḥ guruḥ samarthaḥ balavān pārthaḥ
dṛḍhadhanvā jitaklamaḥ bhavet
sutumulam yuddham sarvaśaḥ api aparājayaḥ

5. Karna is compassionate and careless, and the preceptor (ācārya) is old and a venerable teacher (guru). However, Partha (Arjuna) is capable, strong, possesses a firm bow, and has overcome exhaustion. Therefore, the battle would be extremely fierce, and [for us, there would be] complete defeat.

Words meanings summery:

• घृणी (ghṛṇī) - prone to mercy or scrupulousness, implying a lack of ruthless determination in battle (as a flaw from Duryodhana's perspective) (compassionate, merciful, sensitive, scrupulous)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, the great warrior and ally of Duryodhana (Karna)

• प्रमादी (pramādī) - careless, negligent, heedless

• च (ca) - and, also

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Drona, the military preceptor (ācārya) of both Pandavas and Kauravas (teacher, preceptor, guru)

• स्थविरः (sthaviraḥ) - old, referring to Drona's advanced age, implying a physical weakness in battle (old, aged, ancient)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - venerable teacher, indicating Drona's esteemed position but also potentially a constraint due to his (dharma) as a teacher (teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, venerable)

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful, mighty

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the Pandava hero (son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna)

• दृढधन्वा (dṛḍhadhanvā) - one with a firm bow

• जितक्लमः (jitaklamaḥ) - one who has conquered fatigue/exhaustion

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, may it be, should be

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very fierce, extremely violent, very tumultuous

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, on all sides, in every way

• अपि (api) - emphasizing the completeness of the invincibility/defeat (also, even, moreover)

• अपराजयः (aparājayaḥ) - utter defeat for 'us' (the Kauravas), or utter invincibility for 'them' (the Pandavas) (no defeat, invincibility, unconquered)

Words meanings and morphology

घृणी (ghṛṇī) - prone to mercy or scrupulousness, implying a lack of ruthless determination in battle (as a flaw from Duryodhana's perspective) (compassionate, merciful, sensitive, scrupulous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghṛṇin

ghṛṇin - compassionate, merciful, sensitive, scrupulous; also hating, envious (less common, context dependent)

Root: ghṛṇ (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, the great warrior and ally of Duryodhana (Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

प्रमादी (pramādī) - careless, negligent, heedless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramādin

pramādin - careless, negligent, heedless, inattentive

From pra-mad (to be negligent)

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Drona, the military preceptor (ācārya) of both Pandavas and Kauravas (teacher, preceptor, guru)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

From ā-car (to practice, to teach)

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

स्थविरः (sthaviraḥ) - old, referring to Drona's advanced age, implying a physical weakness in battle (old, aged, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthavira

sthavira - old, aged, ancient, venerable

Root: sthā (class 1)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - venerable teacher, indicating Drona's esteemed position but also potentially a constraint due to his (dharma) as a teacher (teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, venerable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - heavy, important, venerable, teacher, preceptor (guru)

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - able, capable, competent, powerful

From sam-arth (to be able)

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty, endowed with strength

Possessive suffix -vat.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the Pandava hero (son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

दृढधन्वा (dṛḍhadhanvā) - one with a firm bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhadhanvan

dṛḍhadhanvan - one who has a firm bow, firm-bowed

Bahuvrīhi compound: dṛḍha (firm) + dhanvan (bow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+dhanvan)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, hard
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

जितक्लमः (jitaklamaḥ) - one who has conquered fatigue/exhaustion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitaklama

jitaklama - one who has overcome weariness/fatigue

Bahuvrīhi compound: jita (conquered) + klama (fatigue).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+klama)

• jita – conquered, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)
• klama – fatigue, exhaustion, weariness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: klam (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, may it be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential/optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Potential Mood, 3rd singular

Root: bhū (to be). Lat: Vidhi-liṅ (potential/optative mood), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very fierce, extremely violent, very tumultuous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very fierce, very tumultuous, greatly agitated

Tatpuruṣa compound with intensifier prefix su- (very, good) + tumula (tumultuous, fierce).

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• tumula – tumultuous, noisy, violent, fierce
  adjective (neuter)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight; fought (past passive participle)

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, on all sides, in every way

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) with the suffix -śas.

अपि (api) - emphasizing the completeness of the invincibility/defeat (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपराजयः (aparājayaḥ) - utter defeat for 'us' (the Kauravas), or utter invincibility for 'them' (the Pandavas) (no defeat, invincibility, unconquered)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparājaya

aparājaya - no defeat, invincibility, unconquered, triumph

Negative compound: a (not) + parājaya (defeat).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parājaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• parājaya – defeat, loss, discomfiture
  noun (masculine)
  From parā-ji (to defeat, to overcome).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)