महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-51, verse-19

यदा ह्यभीक्ष्णं सुबहून्प्रकाराञ्श्रोतास्मि तानावसथे कुरूणाम् ।
तेषां समन्ताच्च तथा रणाग्रे क्षयः किलायं भरतानुपैति ॥१९॥

19. yadā hyabhīkṣṇaṁ subahūnprakārā;ñśrotāsmi tānāvasathe kurūṇām ,
teṣāṁ samantācca tathā raṇāgre; kṣayaḥ kilāyaṁ bharatānupaiti.

19. yadā hi abhīkṣṇam subahūn prakārān
śrotā asmi tān āvasathe kurūṇām
teṣām samantāt ca tathā raṇāgre
kṣayaḥ kila ayam bharatān upaiti

19. When I frequently hear of their numerous deeds in the dwelling of the Kurus, and similarly, at the forefront of battle, this destruction will surely befall these Bhāratas.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - frequently (frequently, repeatedly, constantly)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - numerous (very many, very numerous)

• प्रकारान् (prakārān) - deeds (kinds, ways, sorts, manners, deeds)

• श्रोता (śrotā) - I shall hear (one who hears, listener, will hear (future participle))

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

• तान् (tān) - their (referring to prakārān, here understood as "about them" or "their deeds") (them (masculine plural accusative))

• आवसथे (āvasathe) - in the dwelling (in the dwelling, in the house, in the residence)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (of them (masculine plural genitive))

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - completely (all around, on all sides, completely)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

• रणाग्रे (raṇāgre) - at the forefront of battle (at the forefront of battle, in the front of battle)

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction (destruction, ruin, loss, end)

• किल (kila) - surely (indeed, surely, as it were (emphasizing or softening))

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine singular nominative))

• भरतान् (bharatān) - the Bhāratas (the Bhāratas (descendants of Bharata))

• उपैति (upaiti) - will befall (comes to, approaches, obtains, befalls)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing particle.

अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - frequently (frequently, repeatedly, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Prefix: abhi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - numerous (very many, very numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, very numerous, abundant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies prakārān.

प्रकारान् (prakārān) - deeds (kinds, ways, sorts, manners, deeds)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prakāra

prakāra - kind, way, sort, manner, action, deed

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'śrotā asmi' (implied verb of hearing).

श्रोता (śrotā) - I shall hear (one who hears, listener, will hear (future participle))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, one who hears, future agent

Future Agent Noun/Periphrastic Future

From root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tṛ', forming a periphrastic future with 'asmi'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Part of periphrastic future with 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms periphrastic future with 'śrotā'.

तान् (tān) - their (referring to prakārān, here understood as "about them" or "their deeds") (them (masculine plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kurus, whose deeds are being heard.

आवसथे (āvasathe) - in the dwelling (in the dwelling, in the house, in the residence)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āvasatha

āvasatha - dwelling, house, residence

Prefix: ā

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Location of hearing.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king, and his descendants, the Kurus)

Note: Possessive, 'dwelling of the Kurus'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (of them (masculine plural genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kurus again or their deeds mentioned earlier.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - completely (all around, on all sides, completely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

रणाग्रे (raṇāgre) - at the forefront of battle (at the forefront of battle, in the front of battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇāgra

raṇāgra - forefront of battle, battle-front

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+agra)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• agra – front, top, tip, beginning
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location.

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction (destruction, ruin, loss, end)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, loss, end

From root 'kṣi' (to destroy, perish)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'upaiti'.

किल (kila) - surely (indeed, surely, as it were (emphasizing or softening))

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing particle.

अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Modifies kṣayaḥ.

भरतान् (bharatān) - the Bhāratas (the Bhāratas (descendants of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - a descendant of Bharata, an Indian

Note: Object of 'upaiti'.

उपैति (upaiti) - will befall (comes to, approaches, obtains, befalls)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa + i

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Present tense used for future sense ("will befall").