महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-44, verse-11

नाचार्यायेहोपकृत्वा प्रवादं प्राज्ञः कुर्वीत नैतदहं करोमि ।
इतीव मन्येत न भाषयेत स वै चतुर्थो ब्रह्मचर्यस्य पादः ॥११॥

11. nācāryāyehopakṛtvā pravādaṁ; prājñaḥ kurvīta naitadahaṁ karomi ,
itīva manyeta na bhāṣayeta; sa vai caturtho brahmacaryasya pādaḥ.

11. na ācāryāya iha upakṛtvā pravādam
prājñaḥ kurvīta na etat aham karomi
iti iva manyeta na bhāṣayeta sa
vai caturthaḥ brahmacaryasya pādaḥ

11. A wise person, having rendered service to the teacher (guru) here, should not engage in criticism or slander. He should also not think, "I am not doing this (service)" nor should he utter such words. That, indeed, is the fourth quarter of the Brahmacarya (vow).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• आचार्याय (ācāryāya) - to the teacher (guru) (to/for the teacher)

• इह (iha) - here (in this life or context) (here, in this world)

• उपकृत्वा (upakṛtvā) - having rendered service (having served, having done a favor, having helped)

• प्रवादम् (pravādam) - criticism or slander (reproach, slander, gossip, report)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent (person))

• कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should engage in (making) (should do, should make, should perform)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• एतत् (etat) - this (service/duty) (this, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• करोमि (karomi) - I do (I do, I make, I perform)

• इति (iti) - (indicating the thought) (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

• इव (iva) - as if (implying a thought or mental state) (as if, like, as it were)

• मन्येत (manyeta) - should think (should think, should consider, should believe)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• भाषयेत (bhāṣayeta) - should utter such words (should speak, should say, should utter)

• स (sa) - that (conduct) (he, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

• चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - fourth

• ब्रह्मचर्यस्य (brahmacaryasya) - of the Brahmacarya (vow) (of Brahmacarya, of student life)

• पादः (pādaḥ) - quarter (of the Brahmacarya vow) (foot, quarter, part, step)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

आचार्याय (ācāryāya) - to the teacher (guru) (to/for the teacher)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master, instructor

from ā-car (to follow, practice)

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

इह (iha) - here (in this life or context) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

उपकृत्वा (upakṛtvā) - having rendered service (having served, having done a favor, having helped)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from upa + root kṛ

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवादम् (pravādam) - criticism or slander (reproach, slander, gossip, report)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pravāda

pravāda - report, rumour, common talk, assertion, reproach, blame, slander

from pra-vad (to speak forth, announce, blame)

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of kurvīta.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent (person))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, clever, a wise person, an expert

from pra-jñā (to know, understand)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of kurvīta.

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should engage in (making) (should do, should make, should perform)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: With pravādam, means 'to make a reproach/slander'.

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (service/duty) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (referring to something near or just mentioned)

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of karomi.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person pronoun

Note: Subject of karomi.

करोमि (karomi) - I do (I do, I make, I perform)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms part of a direct quote or thought.

इति (iti) - (indicating the thought) (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - as if (implying a thought or mental state) (as if, like, as it were)

(indeclinable)

मन्येत (manyeta) - should think (should think, should consider, should believe)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

भाषयेत (bhāṣayeta) - should utter such words (should speak, should say, should utter)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

स (sa) - that (conduct) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (third person pronoun/demonstrative)

Third person pronoun

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

particle

चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - fourth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth, pertaining to four

from catur (four)

Note: Agrees with pādaḥ.

ब्रह्मचर्यस्य (brahmacaryasya) - of the Brahmacarya (vow) (of Brahmacarya, of student life)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - student life, chastity, religious study, conduct leading to Brahman, celibacy, a stage of life (āśrama)

compound of brahman and carya (conduct)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+carya)

• brahman – sacred utterance, Veda, ultimate reality (brahman), priest, religious student
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, behavior, practice, observance
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Nomen Agentis
  from root car (to move, conduct)
  Root: car (class 1)

पादः (pādaḥ) - quarter (of the Brahmacarya vow) (foot, quarter, part, step)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, part, ray of light, verse-foot

from root pad (to go)

Root: pad (class 4)