महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-185, verse-20

ततश्चचाल पृथिवी सपर्वतवनद्रुमा ।
संतप्तानि च भूतानि विषादं जग्मुरुत्तमम् ॥२०॥

20. tataścacāla pṛthivī saparvatavanadrumā ,
saṁtaptāni ca bhūtāni viṣādaṁ jagmuruttamam.

20. tataḥ cacāla pṛthivī saparvatavanadrumā
saṃtaptāni ca bhūtāni viṣādam jagmuḥ uttamam

20. tataḥ saparvatavanadrumā pṛthivī cacāla ca
saṃtaptāni bhūtāni uttamam viṣādam jagmuḥ

20. Then the earth, along with its mountains, forests, and trees, trembled. And all creatures, being scorched, experienced the utmost despair.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook (trembled, shook, moved)

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth (earth, ground)

• सपर्वतवनद्रुमा (saparvatavanadrumā) - along with its mountains, forests, and trees (with mountains, forests, and trees; accompanied by mountains, forests, and trees)

• संतप्तानि (saṁtaptāni) - scorched (heated, scorched, tormented, distressed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures (beings, creatures, elements)

• विषादम् (viṣādam) - despair (despondency, dejection, sorrow, despair)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - experienced (went, reached, obtained, experienced)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - utmost (supreme, highest, utmost, best)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

An indeclinable from the pronominal stem tad.

चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook (trembled, shook, moved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of cal

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular of root cal.

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

Root: pṛth

सपर्वतवनद्रुमा (saparvatavanadrumā) - along with its mountains, forests, and trees (with mountains, forests, and trees; accompanied by mountains, forests, and trees)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saparvatavanadruma

saparvatavanadruma - with mountains, forests, and trees; accompanied by mountains, forests, and trees

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'parvata' (mountain) + 'vana' (forest) + 'druma' (tree). The feminine ending '-ā' aligns with 'pṛthivī'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+parvata+vana+druma)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  A prefix meaning 'with'.
• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dru

Note: Feminine singular nominative to agree with pṛthivī.

संतप्तानि (saṁtaptāni) - scorched (heated, scorched, tormented, distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of saṃtapta

saṁtapta - heated, scorched, tormented, distressed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of sam-√tap (to heat, torment).

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying bhūtāni.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures (beings, creatures, elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost, past

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root bhū 'to be'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

विषादम् (viṣādam) - despair (despondency, dejection, sorrow, despair)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - despondency, dejection, sorrow, despair

From vi (prefix) + sad (root 'to sit, sink'), meaning to sink down in spirits.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - experienced (went, reached, obtained, experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person plural of root gam.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - utmost (supreme, highest, utmost, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, supreme, foremost

Superlative of ud.