महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-148, verse-19

न ते राज्यं प्रयच्छन्ति विना युद्धेन पाण्डव ।
विनाशहेतवः सर्वे प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः ॥१९॥

19. na te rājyaṁ prayacchanti vinā yuddhena pāṇḍava ,
vināśahetavaḥ sarve pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ.

19. na te rājyam prayacchanti vinā yuddhena pāṇḍava
| vināśahetavaḥ sarve pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ

19. pāṇḍava te vinā yuddhena rājyam na prayacchanti
sarve vināśahetavaḥ pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ

19. O Pāṇḍava, they will not grant you the kingdom without a battle. All of them are agents of destruction, with death (mṛtyu) facing them directly.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - the Kauravas (they, them, those)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

• प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they grant

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by war

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

• विनाशहेतवः (vināśahetavaḥ) - causes of destruction, agents of ruin

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of the Kauravas (all, everyone)

• प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः (pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ) - having death imminent, having death present before them

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - the Kauravas (they, them, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

From rājan (king)

प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they grant

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yam

Present active third person plural

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by war

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

विनाशहेतवः (vināśahetavaḥ) - causes of destruction, agents of ruin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vināśahetu

vināśahetu - cause of destruction

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vināśa+hetu)

• vināśa – destruction, ruin
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-naś
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of the Kauravas (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः (pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ) - having death imminent, having death present before them

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratyupasthitamṛtyu

pratyupasthitamṛtyu - one whose death is near

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prati+upa+sthita+mṛtyu)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
• upa – near, towards
  indeclinable
• sthita – standing, situated, present
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  From root mṛ
  Root: mṛ (class 6)