महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-148, verse-19

न ते राज्यं प्रयच्छन्ति विना युद्धेन पाण्डव ।
विनाशहेतवः सर्वे प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः ॥१९॥

19. na te rājyaṁ prayacchanti vinā yuddhena pāṇḍava ,
vināśahetavaḥ sarve pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ.

19. na te rājyam prayacchanti vinā yuddhena pāṇḍava
| vināśahetavaḥ sarve pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ

19. pāṇḍava te vinā yuddhena rājyam na prayacchanti
sarve vināśahetavaḥ pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ

19. O Pāṇḍava, they will not grant you the kingdom without a battle. All of them are agents of destruction, with death (mṛtyu) facing them directly.

19. הו פָּאנְדַוַה, הם לא יעניקו לך את הממלכה בלי מלחמה. כולם גורמים להשמדת עצמם, והמוות כבר ניצב מולם.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - the Kauravas (they, them, those)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

• प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they grant

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by war

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

• विनाशहेतवः (vināśahetavaḥ) - causes of destruction, agents of ruin

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of the Kauravas (all, everyone)

• प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः (pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ) - having death imminent, having death present before them

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - the Kauravas (they, them, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

From rājan (king)

प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they grant

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yam

Present active third person plural

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by war

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

विनाशहेतवः (vināśahetavaḥ) - causes of destruction, agents of ruin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vināśahetu

vināśahetu - cause of destruction

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vināśa+hetu)

• vināśa – destruction, ruin
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-naś
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of the Kauravas (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

प्रत्युपस्थितमृत्यवः (pratyupasthitamṛtyavaḥ) - having death imminent, having death present before them

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratyupasthitamṛtyu

pratyupasthitamṛtyu - one whose death is near

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prati+upa+sthita+mṛtyu)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
• upa – near, towards
  indeclinable
• sthita – standing, situated, present
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  From root mṛ
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

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