महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-3, verse-8

अहं हि भवता गोषु सततं प्रकृतः पुरा ।
तत्र मे कौशलं कर्म अवबुद्धं विशां पते ॥८॥

8. ahaṁ hi bhavatā goṣu satataṁ prakṛtaḥ purā ,
tatra me kauśalaṁ karma avabuddhaṁ viśāṁ pate.

8. aham hi bhavatā goṣu satatam prakṛtaḥ purā
tatra me kauśalam karma avabuddham viśām pate

8. Indeed, O lord of the people, I was formerly appointed by you consistently for duties related to cows. There, my skill (kauśalam) in work (karma) was understood.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (King Virata) (by you (honorific))

• गोषु (goṣu) - regarding cows, for duties concerning cows (among cows, in cows, for cows)

• सततम् (satatam) - consistently (always, constantly, perpetually)

• प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - appointed, employed (appointed, employed, made, done, natural)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that context (of duties) (there, in that place, in that matter)

• मे (me) - my (my, of me)

• कौशलम् (kauśalam) - skill, expertise (skill, dexterity, welfare, prosperity)

• कर्म (karma) - work, action (karma) (action, deed, work, duty, fate (karma))

• अवबुद्धम् (avabuddham) - understood, recognized (understood, perceived, known, awakened)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

(indeclinable)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (King Virata) (by you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific)

Present Active Participle

From root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

गोषु (goṣu) - regarding cows, for duties concerning cows (among cows, in cows, for cows)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

सततम् (satatam) - consistently (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - appointed, employed (appointed, employed, made, done, natural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakṛta

prakṛta - done, performed, natural, original, appointed, employed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make) with pra upasarga.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to 'I' (aham).

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - in that context (of duties) (there, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of asmad.

कौशलम् (kauśalam) - skill, expertise (skill, dexterity, welfare, prosperity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kauśala

kauśala - skill, cleverness, prosperity, welfare, well-being

From kuśala (skillful, clever)

Note: Subject of avabuddham along with karma.

कर्म (karma) - work, action (karma) (action, deed, work, duty, fate (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny (karma)

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अवबुद्धम् (avabuddham) - understood, recognized (understood, perceived, known, awakened)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avabuddha

avabuddha - understood, perceived, known, awakened

Past Passive Participle

From root budh (to know, perceive) with ava upasarga.

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, community, settlement

पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband, owner

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