महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-3, verse-19

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
कल्याणं भाषसे कृष्णे कुले जाता यथा वदेत् ।
न पापमभिजानासि साधु साध्वीव्रते स्थिता ॥१९॥

19. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kalyāṇaṁ bhāṣase kṛṣṇe kule jātā yathā vadet ,
na pāpamabhijānāsi sādhu sādhvīvrate sthitā.

19. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kalyāṇam bhāṣase kṛṣṇe kule jātā
yathā vadet na pāpam abhijānāsi sādhu sādhvīvrate sthitā

19. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), you speak wisely, just as one born into a virtuous family would. You do not know sin, as you are truly established in the sacred vows of a chaste woman."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - wisely (well, auspiciously, good)

• भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak, you say

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā, O dark one)

• कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

• जाता (jātā) - born, produced, become

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• वदेत् (vadet) - would speak, should speak

• न (na) - not, no

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wickedness

• अभिजानासि (abhijānāsi) - you know, you recognize, you perceive

• साधु (sādhu) - truly (well, rightly, properly, virtuous)

• साध्वीव्रते (sādhvīvrate) - in the sacred vows of a chaste woman (in the vow of a virtuous woman)

• स्थिता (sthitā) - established, standing, situated

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steadfast in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - wisely (well, auspiciously, good)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - beautiful, excellent, virtuous, auspicious, welfare, good fortune

Note: Used adverbially here.

भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhāṣ

present tense

2nd person singular present middle of √bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā, O dark one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - dark, black, Draupadī, the dark one

Note: Refers to Draupadī, whose color was dark.

कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, house, community, noble family

जाता (jātā) - born, produced, become

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, generated, become, happened

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied woman (she who is born).

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

वदेत् (vadet) - would speak, should speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vad

optative mood

3rd person singular optative active of √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wickedness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, bad, sin, vice, crime

अभिजानासि (abhijānāsi) - you know, you recognize, you perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of abhijñā

present tense

2nd person singular present active of √jñā with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

साधु (sādhu) - truly (well, rightly, properly, virtuous)

(indeclinable)

साध्वीव्रते (sādhvīvrate) - in the sacred vows of a chaste woman (in the vow of a virtuous woman)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sādhvīvrata

sādhvīvrata - vow of a virtuous woman, duty of a chaste wife

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādhvī+vrata)

• sādhvī – virtuous woman, chaste wife
  noun (feminine)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

स्थिता (sthitā) - established, standing, situated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, established, firm, existing

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'you' (Draupadī).