महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-84, verse-4

अहं ह्येतावुभौ ब्रह्मन्कृष्णावरिनिघातिनौ ।
अभिजानामि विक्रान्तौ तथा व्यासः प्रतापवान् ।
त्रियुगौ पुण्डरीकाक्षौ वासुदेवधनंजयौ ॥४॥

4. ahaṁ hyetāvubhau brahmankṛṣṇāvarinighātinau ,
abhijānāmi vikrāntau tathā vyāsaḥ pratāpavān ,
triyugau puṇḍarīkākṣau vāsudevadhanaṁjayau.

4. aham hi etau ubhau brahman kṛṣṇau
arinighātinau | abhijānāmi vikrāntau
tathā vyāsaḥ pratāpavān | triyugau
puṇḍarīkākṣau vāsudevadhanañjayau

4. Indeed, O Brāhmaṇa, I know these two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna), who are valiant destroyers of enemies. Similarly, the mighty Vyāsa also knows them. They are the lotus-eyed pair, Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), existing through three ages.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I (Yudhiṣṭhira) (I)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

• एतौ (etau) - these two (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (these two)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (both)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa (addressed to Dhaumya) (O Brāhmaṇa)

• कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - these two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

• अरिनिघातिनौ (arinighātinau) - destroyers of enemies

• अभिजानामि (abhijānāmi) - I know (I know, I recognize, I understand)

• विक्रान्तौ (vikrāntau) - valiant (two valiant ones, two courageous ones)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (the sage, compiler of the Mahābhārata) (Vyāsa)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - the mighty (mighty, glorious, powerful)

• त्रियुगौ (triyugau) - existing through three ages (existing through three ages, having three pairs/epochs)

• पुण्डरीकाक्षौ (puṇḍarīkākṣau) - lotus-eyed (Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya) (lotus-eyed (two))

• वासुदेवधनञ्जयौ (vāsudevadhanañjayau) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I (Yudhiṣṭhira) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'abhijānāmi'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

(indeclinable)

एतौ (etau) - these two (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (these two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Object of 'abhijānāmi'.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (both)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Agrees with 'etau'.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa (addressed to Dhaumya) (O Brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brāhmaṇa, priest; (neuter) ultimate reality (brahman)

Note: Addressed to Dhaumya.

कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - these two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black; Kṛṣṇa (a proper name); Arjuna (also called Kṛṣṇa)

Note: Appositive to 'etau ubhau'.

अरिनिघातिनौ (arinighātinau) - destroyers of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of arinighātin

arinighātin - destroyer of enemies, enemy-slayer

Compound 'ari' (enemy) + 'nighātin' (destroyer). Agent noun from root 'han' (to strike) with 'ni' prefix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+nighātin)

• ari – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• nighātin – striking, slaying, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Agent noun from root 'han' (to strike, slay) with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'etau ubhau kṛṣṇau'.

अभिजानामि (abhijānāmi) - I know (I know, I recognize, I understand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhijñā

present tense

Present 1st singular active. From root 'jñā' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Main verb.

विक्रान्तौ (vikrāntau) - valiant (two valiant ones, two courageous ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vikrānta

vikrānta - valiant, brave, courageous, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'kram' (to step) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'etau ubhau kṛṣṇau'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparative statement.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (the sage, compiler of the Mahābhārata) (Vyāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (a proper name, the compiler of the Vedas and Mahābhārata)

From 'vi-as' (to throw apart, arrange).

Note: Subject of an implied verb (knows).

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - the mighty (mighty, glorious, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, glorious, powerful, majestic

Possessive suffix -vat added to 'pratāpa' (power, glory).

Note: Qualifies Vyāsa.

त्रियुगौ (triyugau) - existing through three ages (existing through three ages, having three pairs/epochs)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of triyuga

triyuga - of three ages, existing for three yugas; having three pairs; (as epithet) eternal, primeval

Dvigu compound 'tri' (three) + 'yuga' (age, pair). Here referring to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna's presence or significance across Yugas.

Compound type : dvigu (tri+yuga)

• tri – three
  numeral
• yuga – age, epoch, pair, yoke
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya.

पुण्डरीकाक्षौ (puṇḍarīkākṣau) - lotus-eyed (Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya) (lotus-eyed (two))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puṇḍarīkākṣa

puṇḍarīkākṣa - lotus-eyed, having eyes like a lotus

Bahuvrīhi compound 'puṇḍarīka' (white lotus) + 'akṣi' (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇḍarīka+akṣi)

• puṇḍarīka – white lotus
  noun (neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya.

वासुदेवधनञ्जयौ (vāsudevadhanañjayau) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Vāsudeva and Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vāsudevadhanañjaya

vāsudevadhanañjaya - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (vāsudeva+dhanañjaya)

• vāsudeva – Kṛṣṇa, son of Vasudeva
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Vasudeva.
• dhanañjaya – Arjuna (epithet meaning 'conqueror of wealth')
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound 'dhana' (wealth) + 'jaya' (conqueror).

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.