महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-67, verse-2

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
दमयन्त्या तथोक्ता तु सा देवी भृशदुःखिता ।
बाष्पेण पिहिता राजन्नोत्तरं किंचिदब्रवीत् ॥२॥

2. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
damayantyā tathoktā tu sā devī bhṛśaduḥkhitā ,
bāṣpeṇa pihitā rājannottaraṁ kiṁcidabravīt.

2. bṛhadaśva uvāca damayantyā tathā uktā tu sā devī
bhṛśaduḥkhitā bāṣpeṇa pihitā rājan na kiṃcit uttaram abravīt

2. Bṛhadaśva said: "O King, that queen, thus addressed by Damayantī, was greatly distressed and overwhelmed by tears; she could not say anything in reply."

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• दमयन्त्या (damayantyā) - by Damayantī

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (by Damayantī) (spoken, addressed)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• सा (sā) - she, that (female)

• देवी (devī) - the queen (Damayantī's mother) (goddess, queen, lady)

• भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

• बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by tears

• पिहिता (pihitā) - overwhelmed (by tears) (covered, concealed, overwhelmed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• न (na) - not, no

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (in reply) (anything, something, a little)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - name of a sage, narrator of Nala's story

Note: The narrator.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

From root √vac, perfect 3rd singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

दमयन्त्या (damayantyā) - by Damayantī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - name of a princess, Nala's wife

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'uktā'.

उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (by Damayantī) (spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root √vac (to speak). Feminine form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the queen.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

सा (sā) - she, that (female)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Damayantī's mother, the queen.

देवी (devī) - the queen (Damayantī's mother) (goddess, queen, lady)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady, wife of a king

Note: Refers to Damayantī's mother.

भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhita

bhṛśaduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, very, greatly
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, unhappy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √duḥkh (to suffer, to cause pain).
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Describes the queen.

बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by tears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tears, vapor

Note: Means by which she was overwhelmed.

पिहिता (pihitā) - overwhelmed (by tears) (covered, concealed, overwhelmed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pihita

pihita - covered, concealed, shut, overwhelmed

Past Passive Participle

From api-√dhā (to cover, conceal).

Prefix: api

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes the queen.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to the listener/narrator.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'abravīt'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (in reply) (anything, something, a little)

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + cit (indefinite particle).

Note: Modifies 'uttaram'.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - answer, reply, north, subsequent

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

From root √brū, 2nd class verb.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is the queen.

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