महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-67, verse-17

यच्च वो वचनं श्रुत्वा ब्रूयात्प्रतिवचो नरः ।
तदादाय वचः क्षिप्रं ममावेद्यं द्विजोत्तमाः ॥१७॥

17. yacca vo vacanaṁ śrutvā brūyātprativaco naraḥ ,
tadādāya vacaḥ kṣipraṁ mamāvedyaṁ dvijottamāḥ.

17. yat ca vaḥ vacanam śrutvā brūyāt prativacaḥ naraḥ
tat ādāya vacaḥ kṣipram mama āvedyam dvijottamāḥ

17. And if a man (naraḥ), having heard your statement, should utter a counter-statement, O best among brahmins (dvijottamāḥ), that statement should be quickly taken and reported to me.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - and if (introducing a clause) (which, what, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वः (vaḥ) - your (to you, for you, your (plural))

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should utter (would speak, should speak, might speak)

• प्रतिवचः (prativacaḥ) - counter-statement (counter-statement, reply, answer)

• नरः (naraḥ) - that man (who speaks against) (man, human being)

• तत् (tat) - that (counter-statement) (that, it)

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the statement) (having taken, having received)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (the one to be reported) (word, speech, statement)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

• आवेद्यम् (āvedyam) - should be reported (to be made known, to be reported, to be announced)

• द्विजोत्तमाः (dvijottamāḥ) - O best among brahmins, O best of the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - and if (introducing a clause) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Used here as a relative pronoun introducing a conditional clause, often translated as 'if' in context with 'ca'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वः (vaḥ) - your (to you, for you, your (plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, utterance

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear) with -tvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should utter (would speak, should speak, might speak)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū

Optative

root brū, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb in the conditional clause.

प्रतिवचः (prativacaḥ) - counter-statement (counter-statement, reply, answer)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prativacas

prativacas - counter-statement, reply, answer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prati+vacas)

• prati – against, towards, in return
  indeclinable
• vacas – speech, word, voice, statement
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'brūyāt'.

नरः (naraḥ) - that man (who speaks against) (man, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being

Note: Subject of 'brūyāt'.

तत् (tat) - that (counter-statement) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'prativacaḥ'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the statement) (having taken, having received)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dā (to give) with prefix ā and -lyaP suffix (for prefixed roots).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before 'āvedyam'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (the one to be reported) (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, voice, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of implied verb or 'ādāya' (though 'tat' already takes that role, 'vacaḥ' clarifies).

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of kṣipra (quick).

Note: Adverb modifying 'āvedyam'.

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Indicates the recipient ('to me').

आवेद्यम् (āvedyam) - should be reported (to be made known, to be reported, to be announced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvedya

āvedya - to be made known, to be reported, to be announced, to be communicated

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Derived from root vid (to know) with prefix ā and -ya suffix (for prefixed roots).

Prefix: ā

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective, meaning 'it is to be reported'.

द्विजोत्तमाः (dvijottamāḥ) - O best among brahmins, O best of the twice-born

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dvijottama

dvijottama - best among brahmins, best of the twice-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), Brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective