महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-67, verse-1

दमयन्त्युवाच ।
मां चेदिच्छसि जीवन्तीं मातः सत्यं ब्रवीमि ते ।
नरवीरस्य वै तस्य नलस्यानयने यत ॥१॥

1. damayantyuvāca ,
māṁ cedicchasi jīvantīṁ mātaḥ satyaṁ bravīmi te ,
naravīrasya vai tasya nalasyānayane yata.

1. damayantī uvāca māṃ cet icchasi jīvantīṃ mātaḥ satyaṃ
bravīmi te naravīrasya vai tasya nalasya ānayane yata

1. Damayantī said: "O Mother, if you wish me to remain living, I tell you the truth: strive indeed to bring back that hero among men, Nala."

Words meanings summery:

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• मां (māṁ) - me, myself

• चेत् (cet) - if

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

• जीवन्तीं (jīvantīṁ) - living, alive

• मातः (mātaḥ) - O mother

• सत्यं (satyaṁ) - truth, truly

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I speak, I tell

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• नरवीरस्य (naravīrasya) - of the hero among men, of the brave man

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

• नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

• आनयने (ānayane) - in bringing, in fetching

• यत (yata) - strive, exert yourself

Words meanings and morphology

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - name of a princess, Nala's wife

Note: The speaker.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

From root √vac, perfect 3rd singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

मां (māṁ) - me, myself

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Refers to Damayantī.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

From root √iṣ, 6th class verb.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

जीवन्तीं (jīvantīṁ) - living, alive

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

Present Active Participle

From root √jīv (to live). Feminine form.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'māṃ'.

मातः (mātaḥ) - O mother

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Address to Damayantī's mother.

सत्यं (satyaṁ) - truth, truly

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, true, real

Derived from sat (being).

Note: Object of 'bravīmi'.

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I speak, I tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

From root √brū, 2nd class verb.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The speaker is Damayantī.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Enclitic pronoun.

नरवीरस्य (naravīrasya) - of the hero among men, of the brave man

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of naravīra

naravīra - hero among men, brave man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vīra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave, mighty
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Nala.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Nala.

नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nala

nala - a proper name, Nala

आनयने (ānayane) - in bringing, in fetching

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ānayana

ānayana - bringing, fetching, leading back

verbal noun

From ā-√nī (to lead, bring).

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Refers to the action of bringing Nala back.

यत (yata) - strive, exert yourself

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yat

From root √yat, 1st class verb.

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Damayantī's mother.

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