महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-56, verse-4

स समाविश्य तु नलं समीपं पुष्करस्य ह ।
गत्वा पुष्करमाहेदमेहि दीव्य नलेन वै ॥४॥

4. sa samāviśya tu nalaṁ samīpaṁ puṣkarasya ha ,
gatvā puṣkaramāhedamehi dīvya nalena vai.

4. sa samāviśya tu nalam samīpam puṣkarasya ha
gatvā puṣkaram āha idam ehi dīvya nalena vai

4. Having fully entered Nala, Kali then went to Puṣkara and said to him, "Indeed, come gamble with Nala!"

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Kali) (he, that)

• समाविश्य (samāviśya) - having fully entered, having pervaded

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• नलम् (nalam) - King Nala (Nala)

• समीपम् (samīpam) - near (to) (near, proximity)

• पुष्करस्य (puṣkarasya) - of Puṣkara

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - to Puṣkara

• आह (āha) - said, spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

• एहि (ehi) - come!

• दीव्य (dīvya) - gamble! play dice!

• नलेन (nalena) - with Nala

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Kali) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of tad.

समाविश्य (samāviśya) - having fully entered, having pervaded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root viś with upasargas sam and ā, and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: viś (class 6)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

नलम् (nalam) - King Nala (Nala)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king)

समीपम् (samīpam) - near (to) (near, proximity)

(indeclinable)

Can function as an adverb or a noun.

Note: Functions adverbially as 'near'.

पुष्करस्य (puṣkarasya) - of Puṣkara

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, sky, name of a demon, name of a king (brother of Nala)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root gam with suffix -tvā.

Root: gam (class 1)

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - to Puṣkara

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, sky, name of a demon, name of a king (brother of Nala)

आह (āha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person singular active form of root ah.

Root: ah (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form of idam.

Note: Refers to the following statement.

एहि (ehi) - come!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of i

Imperative

Imperative 2nd person singular active form of root i.

Root: i (class 2)

दीव्य (dīvya) - gamble! play dice!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dīv

Imperative

Imperative 2nd person singular active form of root dīv.

Root: dīv (class 4)

नलेन (nalena) - with Nala

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

Vedic particle, still used in classical Sanskrit for emphasis.